Índices de manejo do solo para análise da fragilização ambiental em áreas agrossilvipastoris utilizando análise dimensional
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Data
2020-07-10
Autores
Manoel, Márcia Pereira da Silva
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As relações econômicas voltadas aos consumos e trocas, como ocorrem atualmente, resultam em ações antrópicas diversas ao meio ambiente, que podem desencadear impactos positivos ao crescimento econômico, em contrapartida, a consequência é a contínua exploração dos recursos naturais, fragilizando áreas produtivas e naturais, principalmente em regiões geograficamente vulneráveis. Ao considerar a exploração antrópica do meio, normalmente relacionada ao uso da terra, o solo acaba sendo o recurso natural mais afetado nesse processo. Assim, é possível considerar que a degradação oriunda do manejo interfere ativamente, na maioria das vezes de modo negativo, nas características intrínsecas e extrínsecas do solo. Deste modo, utilizar indicadores relacionados ao manejo dos solos pode ser uma alternativa na caracterização da fragilização de áreas agrossilvipastoris dentro de bacias hidrográficas. Contudo, a determinação de indicadores e índices com capacidade de identificar o grau de fragilização devido ao manejo de diferentes ocupações e usos da terra ainda carecem de estudos. Diante da importância dessas questões, vislumbrou-se a possibilidade de associar variáveis indicadoras relativas ao manejo do solo (diâmetro médio geométrico dos agregados do solo, resistência mecânica à penetração, coeficiente de permeabilidade, cobertura natural, matéria orgânica do solo, profundidade efetiva do solo, área de solo exposto e pressão antrópica no manejo do solo), para a construção de índices de fragilização ambiental em áreas de manejo agrossilvipastoril. Os resultados mostraram que foi possível propor índices adimensionais utilizando as variáveis anteriormente descritas. Assim, por meio do método da análise dimensional foi possível estabelecer seis índices, sendo dois com aplicabilidade em análise relacional de áreas e os outros quatro com aplicabilidade na análise de manejo de solos.
Economic relations aimed at consumption and exchanges, as currently occurring, result in diverse human actions to the environment, which can trigger positive impacts on economic growth, in contrast, the consequence is the continuous exploitation of natural resources, weakening productive and natural areas, mainly in geographically vulnerable regions. When considering the anthropic exploration of the environment, normally related to land use, soil ends up being the most affected natural resource in this process. Thus, it is possible to consider that the degradation arising from the management actively interferes, most of the time in a negative way, in the intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics of the soil. Thus, using indicators related to soil management can be an alternative in characterizing the fragility of agroforestry areas within hydrographic basins. However, the determination of indicators and indices capable of identifying the degree of fragility due to the management of different occupations and land uses still needs to be studied. Given the importance of these issues, the possibility of associating indicator variables related to soil management (geometric mean diameter of soil aggregates, mechanical resistance to penetration, permeability coefficient, natural cover, soil organic matter, effective soil depth) , area of exposed soil and anthropic pressure in soil management), for the construction of indices of environmental fragility in areas of agrosilvipastoral management. The results showed that it was possible to propose dimensionless indices using the variables previously described. Thus, through the method of dimensional analysis it was possible to establish six indexes, two with applicability in relational analysis of areas and the other four with applicability in soil management analysis.
Economic relations aimed at consumption and exchanges, as currently occurring, result in diverse human actions to the environment, which can trigger positive impacts on economic growth, in contrast, the consequence is the continuous exploitation of natural resources, weakening productive and natural areas, mainly in geographically vulnerable regions. When considering the anthropic exploration of the environment, normally related to land use, soil ends up being the most affected natural resource in this process. Thus, it is possible to consider that the degradation arising from the management actively interferes, most of the time in a negative way, in the intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics of the soil. Thus, using indicators related to soil management can be an alternative in characterizing the fragility of agroforestry areas within hydrographic basins. However, the determination of indicators and indices capable of identifying the degree of fragility due to the management of different occupations and land uses still needs to be studied. Given the importance of these issues, the possibility of associating indicator variables related to soil management (geometric mean diameter of soil aggregates, mechanical resistance to penetration, permeability coefficient, natural cover, soil organic matter, effective soil depth) , area of exposed soil and anthropic pressure in soil management), for the construction of indices of environmental fragility in areas of agrosilvipastoral management. The results showed that it was possible to propose dimensionless indices using the variables previously described. Thus, through the method of dimensional analysis it was possible to establish six indexes, two with applicability in relational analysis of areas and the other four with applicability in soil management analysis.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Modelagem, Uso da terra, Suscetibilidade Erosiva, Indicadores Ambientais, Degradação Ambiental., Modeling, Land use, Erosive susceptibility, Environmental Indicators, Environmental degradation