Fracionamento de levedura residual cervejeira para produção de biomoléculas de alto valor agregado
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Data
2020-06-26
Autores
Alves, Edson Marcelino
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Atualmente, a biomassa de levedura é um resíduo subutilizado da indústria cervejeira. Além disso, o uso dessa biomassa pode ser uma fonte econômica para a extração de vários compostos, como extrato de levedura, proteínas, β-frutofuranosidase, RNA e 5'-ribonucleotídeos, subprodutos com amplas aplicações na indústria farmacêutica e de alimentos. Diante dessas questões, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar e propor uma metodologia integrada para o fracionamento de levedura residual cervejeira em diversas biomoléculas de alto valor agregado. Para isso, os potenciais biotecnológicos da utilização de leveduras são revisados no Capítulo 1. O Capítulo 2 apresenta os resultados dos estágios iniciais de preparação e caracterização da levedura da indústria cervejeira, bem como a avaliação de parâmetros de autólise para maximizar a extração de RNA para subsequente produção de 5'-ribonucleotídeos. O Capítulo 3 descreve o uso de choque ácido no início da autólise, a fim de acelerar o processo autolítico e a extração de proteínas. Os resultados da hidrólise enzimática do RNA para a produção de 5'-ribonucleotídeos usando 5'-fosfodiesterase proveniente de radícula de malte de cevada são apresentados no Capítulo 4. A recuperação da enzima extracelular da β-frutofuranosidase como o primeiro subproduto antes da autólise e estudos sobre sua imobilização em microesferas de alginato de sódio e carvão ativado são descritas no Capítulo 5. Por fim, é proposta no Capítulo 6 uma análise econômica, bem como um projeto de planta de bioprocesso para o processamento de leveduras, a fim de determinar a rentabilidade e viabilidade financeira da a metodologia desenvolvida neste trabalho. A abordagem proposta indica uma excelente estratégia, uma vez que um melhor uso de levedura residual de processos fermentativos pode abrir uma gama de aplicações e agregar valor a esse produto, tornando os setores industriais mais rentáveis.
Currently, the yeast biomass is an underutilized waste product of brewing industry. Moreover, the use of this biomass can be an economical source for the extraction of several compounds such as yeast extract, proteins, β-fructofuranosidase, RNA and 5'-ribonucleotides, which are by-products with wide applications in pharmaceutical and food industry. Faced with these issues, the objective of this work was to study and design an integrated bioprocess methodology using spent brewer’s yeast biomass as feedstock for obtaining several high added value biomolecules through fractionation and downstream techniques. For this, the biotechnological potentials of yeast utilization are reviewed in the Chapter 1. The Chapter 2 presents the results of the initial stages of preparation and characterization of yeast from the brewing industry as well as the evaluation of autolysis parameters in order to maximize RNA extraction for subsequent 5'-ribonucleotides production. The Chapter 3 describes the use of acid shock at the beginning of autolysis in order to accelerate the autolytic process and the extraction of proteins. The results of enzymatic hydrolysis of RNA to produce 5'-ribonucleotides using 5'-phosphodiesterase from residual malted barley roots is presented in the Chapter 4. The recovery of extracellular β-fructofuranosidase enzyme as the first by-product before autolysis and studies on its immobilization in sodium alginate and activated charcoal beads were described in the Chapter 5. Finally, an economic analysis as well as a bioprocess plant design for yeast processing is proposed in the Chapter 6 in order to determine the profitability and financial viability of the methodology developed in this work. The proposed approach indicates an excellent strategy, since a better use of spent yeast from fermentation processes in the proposed biorefinery plant can open up a range of applications and add value to this product, making the industrial sectors more profitable.
Currently, the yeast biomass is an underutilized waste product of brewing industry. Moreover, the use of this biomass can be an economical source for the extraction of several compounds such as yeast extract, proteins, β-fructofuranosidase, RNA and 5'-ribonucleotides, which are by-products with wide applications in pharmaceutical and food industry. Faced with these issues, the objective of this work was to study and design an integrated bioprocess methodology using spent brewer’s yeast biomass as feedstock for obtaining several high added value biomolecules through fractionation and downstream techniques. For this, the biotechnological potentials of yeast utilization are reviewed in the Chapter 1. The Chapter 2 presents the results of the initial stages of preparation and characterization of yeast from the brewing industry as well as the evaluation of autolysis parameters in order to maximize RNA extraction for subsequent 5'-ribonucleotides production. The Chapter 3 describes the use of acid shock at the beginning of autolysis in order to accelerate the autolytic process and the extraction of proteins. The results of enzymatic hydrolysis of RNA to produce 5'-ribonucleotides using 5'-phosphodiesterase from residual malted barley roots is presented in the Chapter 4. The recovery of extracellular β-fructofuranosidase enzyme as the first by-product before autolysis and studies on its immobilization in sodium alginate and activated charcoal beads were described in the Chapter 5. Finally, an economic analysis as well as a bioprocess plant design for yeast processing is proposed in the Chapter 6 in order to determine the profitability and financial viability of the methodology developed in this work. The proposed approach indicates an excellent strategy, since a better use of spent yeast from fermentation processes in the proposed biorefinery plant can open up a range of applications and add value to this product, making the industrial sectors more profitable.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biorrefinaria, Levedura residual cervejeira, RNA, 5’-Ribonucleotídeos, 5'-Fosfodiesterase, β-Frutofuranosidase, Biorefinery, Spent brewer’s yeast, 5’-Ribonucleotides, 5'-Phosphodiesterase, β-Fructofuranosidase