Breeding biology of the Sayaca Tanager (Thraupis sayaca) in southeast Brazil
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Data
2019-10-26
Autores
Batisteli, A. F.
Silva Neto, E. N. da
Soares, T. P.
Pizo, M. A. [UNESP]
Sarmento, H.
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Resumo
Thraupis is a genus of the American endemic Thraupidae (subfamily Thraupinae), comprising seven species that inhabit tropical forests to urban centres. The Sayaca Tanager (Thraupis sayaca) is a disturbance-tolerant species of high representativeness in plant-frugivore networks, but information on its breeding biology is scarce and often restricted to non-systematic surveys. We studied the breeding biology of the T. sayaca, following 39 active nests in a periurban area of southeast Brazil during two breeding seasons (2017/2018, 2018/2019). The breeding season ranged from early September to middle December, and the nests were placed in native and exotic plants and human buildings (nest height above ground: 3.35 +/- 1.73 m, mean +/- SD). Only females incubated and brooded, but both adults built the nests, fed the nestlings, and removed their faecal sacs. Clutch size was 2.86 +/- 0.38 eggs and nest attentiveness was 71.2%. The incubation and nestling periods were, respectively, 13.4 and 17.4 days. Males and females did not differ on nestling provisioning and nest sanitation rates. Nestling provisioning (13.35 +/- 6.25 trips/hour) increased with nestling age, while mean brooding time was 37.2% and decreased with nestling age. Apparent nest success was 38.7%, and nest survival according to the Mayfield method was 27.2%. Five nests (20.8%) were parasitised by the Shiny cowbird (Molothrus bonariensis), and we recorded five events of nest-site reuse. We concluded that the most remarkable breeding traits of T. sayaca in comparison with close-related tanagers are the use of anthropogenic nest sites, the higher clutch size and number of feeding trips, and the longer nestling period.
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Neotropical, nesting behaviour, parental care, Thraupidae, urban bird
Como citar
Journal Of Natural History. Abingdon: Taylor & Francis Ltd, v. 53, n. 39-40, p. 2397-2412, 2019.