Fenologia, atributos produtivos, qualitativos e influência do armazenamento em cultivares de feijoeiro especial e de exportação
Carregando...
Data
2020-11-25
Autores
Cavalcante, Adailza Guilherme [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Objetivou-se com o trabalho foram definir os estádios fenológicos de crescimento de acordo com a escala BBCH e o somatório térmico exigidos em cada fase fenológica da planta; avaliar o desempenho agronômico e qualitativo de cultivares de feijoeiro com grãos especiais e tipo exportação, visando identificar aqueles com potencial produtivo e com características tecnológicas superiores; avaliar o efeito do armazenamento em temperatura ambiente sobre as características qualitativas dos grãos e os atributos fisiológicos das sementes de feijoeiro especial e tipo exportação. Foram utilizadas as cultivares de feijoeiro especial: BRS Radiante, BRS Pitanga, BRSMG Realce, BRSMG Tesouro, BRS Marfim, BRSMG União, IAC Tigre, EPAMIG Ouro Vermelho e EPAMIG Ouro da Mata. As cultivares tipo exportação avaliadas foram: BRS Ártico, BRS Executivo, BRS FS 305, BRS Embaixador e IPR Garça. Em condições de campo, as cultivares foram dispostas em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, na época de outono-inverno de 2018. O somatório térmico foi realizado por meio de observações dos estádios fenológicos a cada dois dias ou semanal durante o desenvolvimento vegetativo e reprodutivo das cultivares de feijoeiro tipo exportação. Foi utilizado 1,5 kg de grãos de cada cultivar, colocando-as em embalagens plásticas fechadas hermeticamente, sob temperatura ambiente, avaliando-se os atributos qualitativos dos grãos e fisiológicos das sementes aos 0, 60, 120, 180 e 240 dias após o início do armazenamento. Dentre as principais conclusões, pode-se destacar que a descrição dos estádios fenológicos combinada com ilustrações e somatório de graus-dia durante o ciclo da cultura proporcionou melhor esclarecimento das fases de desenvolvimento vegetativo e reprodutivo. As cultivares EPAMIG Ouro Vermelho, BRS Marfim e BRS Pitanga apresentaram as maiores produtividades, com valores de 2.907, 2.871 e 2.608 kg ha-1, respectivamente. Na qualidade dos grãos recém-colhidos, destacaram-se as cultivares BRS Radiante, BRSMG Realce, BRSMG Tesouro, IAC Tigre e EPAMIG Ouro Vermelho. Quanto as cultivares tipo exportação, BRS Embaixador (3.017 kg ha-1) e BRS FS 305 (2.771 kg ha-1) apresentaram as maiores produtividade de grãos e sobressaíram em relação a qualidade dos grãos, as cultivares BRS Executivo e BRS Embaixador. O armazenamento influenciou os atributos qualitativos e fisiológicos dos grãos e das sementes para todas as cultivares.
The objective of the work was a) to define the phenological growth stages according to the BBCH scale and the thermal sum required in each phenological phase of the plant b) to evaluate the agronomic and qualitative performance of bean cultivars with special and export grains type, aiming to identify those with greatest productive potential and technological characteristics; c) to evaluate the effect of storage at room temperature on the qualitative characteristics of the grains and the physiological attributes of the seeds of special and export beans type. The special bean cultivars used were: BRS Radiante, BRS Pitanga, BRSMG Realce, BRSMG Tesouro, BRS Marfim, BRSMG União, IAC Tigre, EPAMIG Ouro Vermelho and EPAMIG Ouro da Mata. The export type cultivars evaluated were: BRS Ártico, BRS Executivo, BRS FS 305, BRS Embaixador and IPR Garça. Under field conditions, the cultivars were arranged in a randomized block design, with four replications, in the autumn-winter season of 2018. The thermal sum was carried out by observing the phenological stages every two days or weekly during the vegetative and reproductive development of export bean cultivars type. It was used 1.5 kg of grains from each cultivar, placing them in hermetically sealed plastic packages, at room temperature, evaluating the qualitative attributes of the grains and the physiological attributes of the seeds at 0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 days after the beginning of the storage. Among the main conclusions, it can be highlighted that the description of the phenological stages combined with illustrations and sum of degree-days during the culture cycle provided better clarification of the vegetative and reproductive phases of development. The cultivars EPAMIG Ouro Vermelho, BRS Marfim and BRS Pitanga presented the highest yields, with values of 2,907, 2,871 and 2,608 kg ha-1, respectively. In terms of the quality of the recently harvested grains, BRS Radiante, BRSMG Realce, BRSMG Tesouro, IAC Tigre and EPAMIG Ouro Vermelho stood out. Regarding the export type cultivars, BRS Embaixador (3,017 kg ha-1) and BRS FS 305 (2,771 kg ha-1) had the highest grain yield and the cultivars BRS Executivo and BRS Embaixador stood out in relation to grain quality. The storage influenced the qualitative and physiological attributes of grains and seeds for all cultivars.
The objective of the work was a) to define the phenological growth stages according to the BBCH scale and the thermal sum required in each phenological phase of the plant b) to evaluate the agronomic and qualitative performance of bean cultivars with special and export grains type, aiming to identify those with greatest productive potential and technological characteristics; c) to evaluate the effect of storage at room temperature on the qualitative characteristics of the grains and the physiological attributes of the seeds of special and export beans type. The special bean cultivars used were: BRS Radiante, BRS Pitanga, BRSMG Realce, BRSMG Tesouro, BRS Marfim, BRSMG União, IAC Tigre, EPAMIG Ouro Vermelho and EPAMIG Ouro da Mata. The export type cultivars evaluated were: BRS Ártico, BRS Executivo, BRS FS 305, BRS Embaixador and IPR Garça. Under field conditions, the cultivars were arranged in a randomized block design, with four replications, in the autumn-winter season of 2018. The thermal sum was carried out by observing the phenological stages every two days or weekly during the vegetative and reproductive development of export bean cultivars type. It was used 1.5 kg of grains from each cultivar, placing them in hermetically sealed plastic packages, at room temperature, evaluating the qualitative attributes of the grains and the physiological attributes of the seeds at 0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 days after the beginning of the storage. Among the main conclusions, it can be highlighted that the description of the phenological stages combined with illustrations and sum of degree-days during the culture cycle provided better clarification of the vegetative and reproductive phases of development. The cultivars EPAMIG Ouro Vermelho, BRS Marfim and BRS Pitanga presented the highest yields, with values of 2,907, 2,871 and 2,608 kg ha-1, respectively. In terms of the quality of the recently harvested grains, BRS Radiante, BRSMG Realce, BRSMG Tesouro, IAC Tigre and EPAMIG Ouro Vermelho stood out. Regarding the export type cultivars, BRS Embaixador (3,017 kg ha-1) and BRS FS 305 (2,771 kg ha-1) had the highest grain yield and the cultivars BRS Executivo and BRS Embaixador stood out in relation to grain quality. The storage influenced the qualitative and physiological attributes of grains and seeds for all cultivars.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Phaseolus vulgaris L, Genótipos, Graus-dias, Estocagem, Características agronômicas, Tecnologia dos grãos, Phaseolus vulgaris L, Genotypes, Degree-days, Sstorage, Agronomic characteristics, Technological of grains