Sistema de educação feminino no Paquistão antes e pós Regime do Talibã
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Data
2020-11-26
Autores
Khan, Sabir [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esse estudo teve como objetivo investigar o sistema educacional oferecido as mulheres do Paquistão, e verificar suas interações, distanciamentos e avanços, tendo como foco a educacao feminina. Com a chegada do sistema político do Talibã, às escolas para mulheres sofreram grandes mudanças diante da sociedade na vida escolar, elas passaram a ficarem em casa, reclusas pelo Talibã, que proibiam às mulheres, jovens e meninas de estudarem em todos os níveis de ensino e também, circularem livremente às ruas para exercerem uma escolar, cultural e social. Sendo assim, transformando a sociedade paquisatanesa que mantinha um respeito às mulheres, que podiam exercer sua cidadania com dignidade a uma sociedade conservadora muçulmana no Paquistão, com duas visões predominantes sobre a educação feminina. Para este estudo foi realizado uma pesquisa quantitativa, utilizando um programa de estatistica, “Statistical Package for Social Sciences – SPSS” que será explicado no decorrer do texto. Observou-se por meio desta análise, que a maioria das participantes era qualificada e possuía alto grau de escolaridade. O percentual de solteiros e casados foi de 45,5 e 54,5%. As questões foram divididas em 5 seções e a média foi calculada a partir de pesquisas na escala Likert. A primeira seção identifica declarações sobre as expectativas dos pais das participantes; a segunda seção corresponde à familiaridade das estudantes com o sistema educacional e cultural; a terceira seção corresponde ao status socioeconômico e à dinâmica de gênero na família; a quarta seção corresponde à dinâmica de gênero na educação; a quinta seção aborda as estudantes que estiveram no Brasil para estudar em universidades públicas e como olham, entendem a cultura e a educação do Brasil. Nos últimos dados sobre como as estudantes paquistanesas compreendem a cultura da mulher brasileira, paquistanesas relataram atitudes muito importantes, como elogios a autonomia, a postura frente à sociedade das mulheres brasileira. De acordo com a pesquisa realizada no nordeste do Paquistao, após a entrada do sistema Talibã mais de 80% das mulheres paquistanesas que paerticiparam da pesquisa aqui no Brasil, apoiaram fortemente o sistema de ensino superior no Brasil, para todos e todas e observaram que tem muita qualidade a educação no Brasil, por esta diversidade. O estudo mostrou que as mulheres no Paquistão com a entrada do sistema autoritário, machista e violento do Talibã, perderam seu lugar, perderam suas identidades, perderam suas posições sociais, tanto na educação, na cultura, na sociedade, como no trabalho. As que chegaram ao Brasil para estudar nas universidades públicas, reconhecem que houve um retrocesso enorme para com a vida do generno feminino no Paquistão, e que o Brasil com todoas as suas desigualdades, tem mais mecanismos de cidadania para as mulheres continuarem com suas liberdades e conquistas equitativas.
This study aims to investigate the educational system of Pakistan, to verify its interactions, distances and advances, focusing on female education. With the coming of the Taliban political system, schools for women have undergone major changes in society of school life, they started to stay at home, reclusive by the Taliban, that forbade women, youth and girls to study at all levels of education and also the freely movement in the streets to exercise a school, cultural and social activities. Thus, transforming the Pakistani society that maintained a respect for women, who could exercise their citizenship with dignity to a conservative Muslim society in Pakistan, with two predominant views on female education. For this study a quantitative analysis was carried out using a statistical program, Statistical Package for Social Sciences - SPSS "that will be further explained in the course of the text. It was observed through this analysis, that most of the participants were qualified and has a high level of education. The percentage of single and married people were 45.5 and 54.5%. The questions were divided into 5 sections and the average was calculated based on surveys on the Likert scale. The first section identifies statements about the expectations of the participants' parents; the second section corresponds to the student familiarity with the educational and cultural system; the third section corresponds to the socioeconomic status and gender dynamics in the family; fourth section corresponds to gender dynamics in education and the fifth section addresses students who were in Brazil studying in the public universities and how they look the culture and education in Brazil. In the last how Pakistani students understand the culture of Brazilian women. Pakistani women report very important attitudes, such as admiration for autonomy, the attitude towards Brazilian women's society, where women are highly motivated to participate in Higher Education, but also pointed out that due to financial problems many Brazilian women do not reach the goal of university study. According to the survey conducted in northeastern Pakistan, after the entry of the Taliban system, more than 80% of Pakistani women who participated in the research here in Brazil, strongly supported the higher education system in Brazil for all and noted that there is much quality in education. The study showed that women in Pakistan with the entrance of the Taliban's authoritarian, sexist and violent system, lost their place, lost their identities, lost their social positions, both in education, in culture, as in work. Those who arrived in Brazil to study in public universities, recognize that there has been a huge setback for the life of the female gender in Pakistan, and that Brazil with all its inequalities, has more citizenship mechanisms for women to continue with their freedoms and achievements.
This study aims to investigate the educational system of Pakistan, to verify its interactions, distances and advances, focusing on female education. With the coming of the Taliban political system, schools for women have undergone major changes in society of school life, they started to stay at home, reclusive by the Taliban, that forbade women, youth and girls to study at all levels of education and also the freely movement in the streets to exercise a school, cultural and social activities. Thus, transforming the Pakistani society that maintained a respect for women, who could exercise their citizenship with dignity to a conservative Muslim society in Pakistan, with two predominant views on female education. For this study a quantitative analysis was carried out using a statistical program, Statistical Package for Social Sciences - SPSS "that will be further explained in the course of the text. It was observed through this analysis, that most of the participants were qualified and has a high level of education. The percentage of single and married people were 45.5 and 54.5%. The questions were divided into 5 sections and the average was calculated based on surveys on the Likert scale. The first section identifies statements about the expectations of the participants' parents; the second section corresponds to the student familiarity with the educational and cultural system; the third section corresponds to the socioeconomic status and gender dynamics in the family; fourth section corresponds to gender dynamics in education and the fifth section addresses students who were in Brazil studying in the public universities and how they look the culture and education in Brazil. In the last how Pakistani students understand the culture of Brazilian women. Pakistani women report very important attitudes, such as admiration for autonomy, the attitude towards Brazilian women's society, where women are highly motivated to participate in Higher Education, but also pointed out that due to financial problems many Brazilian women do not reach the goal of university study. According to the survey conducted in northeastern Pakistan, after the entry of the Taliban system, more than 80% of Pakistani women who participated in the research here in Brazil, strongly supported the higher education system in Brazil for all and noted that there is much quality in education. The study showed that women in Pakistan with the entrance of the Taliban's authoritarian, sexist and violent system, lost their place, lost their identities, lost their social positions, both in education, in culture, as in work. Those who arrived in Brazil to study in public universities, recognize that there has been a huge setback for the life of the female gender in Pakistan, and that Brazil with all its inequalities, has more citizenship mechanisms for women to continue with their freedoms and achievements.
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Palavras-chave
Educação feminina, Talibã, Paquistão