Análise do impacto das tecnologias de informação e comunicação na percepção direta
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2021-02-25
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Na presente dissertação propomos analisar de forma filosófico-interdisciplinar os possíveis impactos das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) na percepção direta dos agentes humanos. Nossa principal indagação é: como as TIC estão transformando nosso modo de vida, afetando a percepção-ação dos agentes e, com isso, gerando novos nichos, com novas características disposicionais e affordances tecnológicas? Nesse sentido, nosso foco é investigar quais as características desse novo nicho e de seus agentes que estão surgindo conjuntamente à disseminação em massa das TIC. Além disso, ressaltamos alguns aspectos negativos dessas transformações com o intuito de esclarecer sua natureza e possíveis implicações éticas, especialmente pela restrição da autonomia dos agentes em nichos tecnológicos, cuja conduta é direcionada e moldada pelas possibilidades oferecidas por tais tecnologias. Para isso, assumimos as teses da teoria da percepção direta no sentido proposto por Gibson (1986) e abordado pela Filosofia Ecológica. Investigamos algumas marcas dos impactos das TIC na percepção/ação humana, apontando novas características disposicionais de nichos tecnológicos híbridos que comportam componentes físicos e virtuais. Em seguida, analisamos, a partir do paradigma da Complexidade e da teoria da auto-organização, possíveis efeitos dessas transformações nos processos de complexificação dos nichos, ressaltando os riscos que eles podem oferecer aos processos sociais auto-organizados devido à natureza planejada e à alta capacidade de controle exercido pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação.
In this dissertation, we propose the philosophical-interdisciplinary analysis of the possible impacts of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on the direct perception of the human agents. Our main inquiry is: how are the ICTs transforming our way of life, affecting the perception-action of the agents and, with this, generating new niches, with new dispositional characteristics and technological affordances? In this sense, our focus is on investigating what are the characteristics of this new niche and of its agents that are arising alongside the mass dissemination of the ICTs. Furthermore, we highlight some negative aspects of these transformations with the intent of clarifying their nature and possible ethical implications, especially by the restriction of the autonomy of the agents in technological niches, whose conduct is directed and shaped by the possibilities offered by such technologies. To do so, we assume the theses of the theory of direct perception in the sense proposed by Gibson (1986) and approached by Ecological Philosophy. We investigate some signs of the impacts of the ICTs on the human perception/action, pointing to new dispositional characteristics of hybrid technological niches that comprise physical and virtual components. Following, we analyze, from the paradigm of Complexity and the theory of self-organization, possible effects of those transformations in the processes of complexification of the niches, highlighting the risks that they may offer to the self-organized social processes due to the planned nature and high capacity to control exerted by the Information and Communication Technologies.
In this dissertation, we propose the philosophical-interdisciplinary analysis of the possible impacts of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on the direct perception of the human agents. Our main inquiry is: how are the ICTs transforming our way of life, affecting the perception-action of the agents and, with this, generating new niches, with new dispositional characteristics and technological affordances? In this sense, our focus is on investigating what are the characteristics of this new niche and of its agents that are arising alongside the mass dissemination of the ICTs. Furthermore, we highlight some negative aspects of these transformations with the intent of clarifying their nature and possible ethical implications, especially by the restriction of the autonomy of the agents in technological niches, whose conduct is directed and shaped by the possibilities offered by such technologies. To do so, we assume the theses of the theory of direct perception in the sense proposed by Gibson (1986) and approached by Ecological Philosophy. We investigate some signs of the impacts of the ICTs on the human perception/action, pointing to new dispositional characteristics of hybrid technological niches that comprise physical and virtual components. Following, we analyze, from the paradigm of Complexity and the theory of self-organization, possible effects of those transformations in the processes of complexification of the niches, highlighting the risks that they may offer to the self-organized social processes due to the planned nature and high capacity to control exerted by the Information and Communication Technologies.
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Palavras-chave
Percepção direta, Informação ecológica, Tecnologias de informação e comunicação, Affordances tecnológicas, Nichos tecnológicos, Complexidade e auto-organização, Direct perception, Ecological information, Information and communication technologies, Technological affordances, Technological niches, Complexity and self-organization