Biologia de Leptopharsa heveae Drake & Poor (Heteroptera: Tingidae) e a relação de suas exigências térmicas com a flutuação populacional em seringueira
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Data
2004-12-01
Autores
Cividanes, Francisco Jorge [UNESP]
Fonseca, Fernando S.
Galli, Julio Cesar [UNESP]
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Editor
Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil
Resumo
O percevejo-de-renda, Leptopharsa heveae Drake & Poor, foi estudado visando-se determinar suas exigências térmicas, e a biologia e flutuação populacional de ninfas e adultos em seringueira, Hevea brasiliensis Müell Arg. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em câmaras climatizadas reguladas a 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 27°C e 30ºC e como hospedeiro utilizaram-se mudas de seringueira do clone RRIM 600. A flutuação populacional foi obtida amostrando-se os lados norte e sul de seringueiras do clone PB 235, considerando-se folhas das partes interna e externa dos terços inferior, médio e superior das plantas. A temperatura de 15ºC foi inadequada para o desenvolvimento embrionário de L. heveae. O período de pré-oviposição foi menor em temperaturas elevadas (27°C e 30ºC), contudo a fecundidade não se alterou na faixa de 20°C a 30ºC. Os limites térmicos inferior de desenvolvimento e as constantes térmicas das fases de ovo, ninfa e ciclo biológico foram 11,5/141,4, 8,3/234,6 e 9,8ºC/370,4 graus-dia, respectivamente. Os adultos e ninfas apresentaram picos populacionais em 30/03/99, ocorrendo também pico de adultos em 04/06/99 e de ninfas em 19/10/99. As exigências témicas possibilitaram prever a ocorrência de treze gerações de L. heveae durante o período de outubro/1998 a novembro/1999.
The rubber tree lacebug, Leptopharsa heveae Drake & Poor, was studied aiming to determine its thermal requirements, biology and the population fluctuation of nymphs and adults in rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis Müell Arg. Experiments were conducted in climatic chambers at 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 27°C and 30°C using rubber tree seedlings clone RRIM 600 as host plant. The population fluctuation was obtained by sampling north and south sides of rubber trees clone PB 235, considering leaves of internal and external parts located in the top, middle and basal sections of the trees. The temperature of 15°C was inadequate for the embryonic development of L. heveae. The shortest lacebug pre-oviposition period was observed at the high temperatures of 27°C and 30ºC, however the female fecundity was not altered at the temperature gradient of 20°C to 30ºC. The estimated lower developmental thermal thresholds and thermal constants of the egg and nymphal phases and of the biological cycle were 11.5/141.4, 8.3/234.6 and 9.8°C/370.4 degree-day, respectively. A population peak of adults and nymphs occurred in 30/03/99; another peak of adults was also observed in 04/06/99 and nymphs in 19/10/99. The thermal requirements provided the prevision of thirteen generations of L. heveae from October/1998 to November/1999.
The rubber tree lacebug, Leptopharsa heveae Drake & Poor, was studied aiming to determine its thermal requirements, biology and the population fluctuation of nymphs and adults in rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis Müell Arg. Experiments were conducted in climatic chambers at 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 27°C and 30°C using rubber tree seedlings clone RRIM 600 as host plant. The population fluctuation was obtained by sampling north and south sides of rubber trees clone PB 235, considering leaves of internal and external parts located in the top, middle and basal sections of the trees. The temperature of 15°C was inadequate for the embryonic development of L. heveae. The shortest lacebug pre-oviposition period was observed at the high temperatures of 27°C and 30ºC, however the female fecundity was not altered at the temperature gradient of 20°C to 30ºC. The estimated lower developmental thermal thresholds and thermal constants of the egg and nymphal phases and of the biological cycle were 11.5/141.4, 8.3/234.6 and 9.8°C/370.4 degree-day, respectively. A population peak of adults and nymphs occurred in 30/03/99; another peak of adults was also observed in 04/06/99 and nymphs in 19/10/99. The thermal requirements provided the prevision of thirteen generations of L. heveae from October/1998 to November/1999.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Lace bug, Population dynamics, Temperature, Degree-day, Hevea brasiliensis, Percevejo-de-renda, Dinâmica populacional, Temperatura, graus-dia, Hevea brasiliensis
Como citar
Neotropical Entomology. Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil, v. 33, n. 6, p. 685-691, 2004.