Vida entre muros: sociabilidades urbanas e distanciamento socioespacial
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Data
2021-05-04
Autores
Cavalcanti, Murilo Petito [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presença massiva de estruturas de segregação e confinamento, dos grandes centros urbanos até as cidades médias, tem moldado o cotidiano e produzido um novo conjunto de relações socioespaciais nas cidades do Brasil e do mundo. Naturaliza-se a existência de uma vida cotidiana permeada por câmeras de vigilância e demais equipamentos de monitoramento e controle da vida social. Dado este cenário, objetivamos compreender qual o caráter das sociabilidades que estão sendo produzidas a partir dos loteamentos residenciais murados de alto padrão, popularmente chamados de condomínios fechados. Tais empreendimentos residenciais fechados têm se proliferado com rapidez, sobretudo nas cidades médias brasileiras, sendo bastante procurados pelas camadas mais abastadas da sociedade. Até mesmo em contextos nos quais a violência estatisticamente registrada não atinge índices mais elevados, os muros, cercas e câmeras de segurança deste gênero de enclave tem se multiplicado, alterando a morfologia das cidades e, consequentemente, as relações entre os sujeitos e o espaço. O município de Araraquara-SP, no interior de São Paulo, com população estimada de mais de 230 mil habitantes, segundo último censo do IBGE (2019), é local do nosso estudo. Elencamos dois loteamentos residenciais murados de alto padrão, realizando entrevistas com moradores de ambos, no intuito de captar qual o teor das relações de sociabilidade que se desenvolvem por intermédio dos muros, tanto nas interações do interior do loteamento habitado, o chamado intramuros, quanto nas relações mais ampliadas com à cidade aberta, o extramuros. A presente pesquisa é um esforço de desmembrar os efeitos da fragmentação socioespacial ao nível das relações cotidianas, compreendendo novos modos de vida urbana que estão sendo gestados a partir da autossegregação e do distanciamento socioespacial.
The massive presence of segregation and confinement structures, from large urban centers to medium-sized cities, has shaped everyday life and produced a new set of socio-spatial relationships in cities in Brazil and around the world. The existence of an everyday life permeated by surveillance cameras and other monitoring and control equipment for social life becomes natural. Given this scenario, we aim to understand the character of the sociabilities that are being produced from high-end walled residential subdivisions, popularly called closed condominiums. Such closed residential developments have rapidly proliferated, especially in medium-sized Brazilian cities, being highly sought after by the wealthier strata of society. Even in contexts where statistically registered violence does not reach higher rates, the walls, fences and security cameras of this type of enclave have multiplied, changing the morphology of cities and, consequently, the relationships between subjects and space. The city of Araraquara-SP, in the interior of São Paulo, with an estimated population of over 230 thousand inhabitants, according to the latest IBGE census (2019), is the location of our study. We listed two high-end walled residential subdivisions, conducting interviews with residents of both, in order to capture the content of the sociability relationships that develop through the walls, both in the interactions of the interior of the inhabited subdivision, the so-called intramural, and in the broader relations with the open city, the extramural. This research is an effort to dismantle the effects of socio-spatial fragmentation at the level of everyday relationships, comprising new ways of urban life that are being generated from self-segregation and socio-spatial distancing.
The massive presence of segregation and confinement structures, from large urban centers to medium-sized cities, has shaped everyday life and produced a new set of socio-spatial relationships in cities in Brazil and around the world. The existence of an everyday life permeated by surveillance cameras and other monitoring and control equipment for social life becomes natural. Given this scenario, we aim to understand the character of the sociabilities that are being produced from high-end walled residential subdivisions, popularly called closed condominiums. Such closed residential developments have rapidly proliferated, especially in medium-sized Brazilian cities, being highly sought after by the wealthier strata of society. Even in contexts where statistically registered violence does not reach higher rates, the walls, fences and security cameras of this type of enclave have multiplied, changing the morphology of cities and, consequently, the relationships between subjects and space. The city of Araraquara-SP, in the interior of São Paulo, with an estimated population of over 230 thousand inhabitants, according to the latest IBGE census (2019), is the location of our study. We listed two high-end walled residential subdivisions, conducting interviews with residents of both, in order to capture the content of the sociability relationships that develop through the walls, both in the interactions of the interior of the inhabited subdivision, the so-called intramural, and in the broader relations with the open city, the extramural. This research is an effort to dismantle the effects of socio-spatial fragmentation at the level of everyday relationships, comprising new ways of urban life that are being generated from self-segregation and socio-spatial distancing.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Sociabilidades., Loteamentos residenciais murados., Condomínios fechados., Cotidiano., Distanciamento socioespacial., Sociabilities, Walled residential allotments, Closed condominiums, Everyday life, Socio-spatial distance