Luz e escuridão na Terra Média: as metáforas conceptuais que regem "O Senhor dos Anéis"
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Data
2021-06-07
Autores
Maria, Mariana Moreira Nunes Santa [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Ao analisar metáforas em uma obra literária, senso comum é de que o autor tenha feito um dispendioso exercício de maestria literária na construção de ornamentos feitos de palavras. Nessa perspectiva, o trabalho com metáforas ainda é visto por muitos como algo exclusivo dos campos da Retórica e da Estilística. No entanto, a Linguística Cognitiva (LC), a partir da obra pioneira Metaphors we live by (1980) de Lakoff e Johnson, vem demonstrando que, ao contrário dos estudos anteriores, a metáfora não ocupa somente o posto de ornamento: ela é pervasiva na vida cotidiana (LAKOFF & JOHNSON, 1980). As metáforas de uso cotidiano foram denominadas por esses autores de metáforas conceptuais. Nesse contexto, o objetivo precípuo deste trabalho é caracterizar o uso de metáforas dentro do aclamado universo de J. R. R Tolkien a partir de sua obra mais famosa: O Senhor dos Anéis. A partir de uma coleta inicial de corpus, pude identificar a recorrência das metáforas MALDADE É ESCURIDÃO e BONDADE É LUZ. Analisamos, portanto, a obra e descrevemos as instâncias de metáfora de LUZ e ESCURIDÃO e caracterizamos seu impacto na construção da expressividade da narrativa e no estabelecimento da dicotomia Bem x Mal.
When analyzing metaphors in a literary work, common sense is that the author has done an expensive exercise of literary mastery in the construction of ornaments made of words. In this perspective, the work with metaphors is still seen by many as something exclusive to the fields of Rhetoric and Stylistics. However, Cognitive Linguistics (CL), based on the pioneering work Metaphors we live by (1980) by Lakoff and Johnson, has been demonstrating that, unlike previous studies, metaphor is not only an ornament: it is pervasive in everyday life (LAKOFF & JOHNSON, 1980). The metaphors we live by were called by these authors conceptual metaphors. In this context, the main objective of this work is to characterize the use of metaphors within the acclaimed universe of J.R.R. Tolkien from his most famous work: The Lord of the Rings. From a preliminary corpus compilation, I was able to identify the recurrence of the metaphors EVIL IS DARKNESS and GOODNESS IS LIGHT. I have analyzed, therefore, the book and described the metaphor instances of LIGHT and DARKNESS and characterized their impact on the construction of the narrative's expressiveness and the establishment of the good x evil dichotomy.
When analyzing metaphors in a literary work, common sense is that the author has done an expensive exercise of literary mastery in the construction of ornaments made of words. In this perspective, the work with metaphors is still seen by many as something exclusive to the fields of Rhetoric and Stylistics. However, Cognitive Linguistics (CL), based on the pioneering work Metaphors we live by (1980) by Lakoff and Johnson, has been demonstrating that, unlike previous studies, metaphor is not only an ornament: it is pervasive in everyday life (LAKOFF & JOHNSON, 1980). The metaphors we live by were called by these authors conceptual metaphors. In this context, the main objective of this work is to characterize the use of metaphors within the acclaimed universe of J.R.R. Tolkien from his most famous work: The Lord of the Rings. From a preliminary corpus compilation, I was able to identify the recurrence of the metaphors EVIL IS DARKNESS and GOODNESS IS LIGHT. I have analyzed, therefore, the book and described the metaphor instances of LIGHT and DARKNESS and characterized their impact on the construction of the narrative's expressiveness and the establishment of the good x evil dichotomy.
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Palavras-chave
Linguística cognitiva, Senhor dos Anéis, Metáfora