Entre a insurreição e o poder: a construção da imagem pública de Fidel Castro Ruz (1952-1959)
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Data
2021-07-26
Autores
Alves, Hélio Augusto de Souza
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho visa discutir a construção da imagem pública de Fidel Castro entre 1952 e 1959, com ênfase no papel e na importância da imprensa no contexto da revolução cubana, demonstrando seus usos e manobras por parte do líder rebelde e futuro líder político do país. Nos debruçamos especialmente sobre órgãos como a revista Bohemia e o periódico Revolución, embora não deixemos de considerar outras fontes e materiais únicos que puderam ser obtidos através de pesquisas em arquivos e bibliotecas em Cuba e nos Estados Unidos e que sustentam nossa abordagem a respeito da significância que teve, para além da guerra de guerrilhas, também a guerra de informações. Nesse sentido, aproveitamos para debater também a relevância das imagens naquela época, sobretudo as fotográficas, bem como a carga informativa e a estratégia de seu uso em favor dos rebeldes, que a utilizaram para construir uma narrativa favorável à revolução e a Fidel Castro, conquistando a opinião pública e projetando a imagem do líder como herdeiro político do legado independentista e, ao mesmo tempo, como figura messiânica, num claro apelo à devoção popular. Sobremaneira, nosso trabalho demonstra, ainda, a pertinência em se debater os discursos e os embates políticos que encontraram lugar na imprensa, apresentando a linha tênue entre a luta armada e a disputa de narrativas no seio da Cuba revolucionária
This work aims to discuss the construction of Fidel Castro’s public image between 1952 and 1959, focusing on the role and the importance of the press in the Cuban revolution context, showing its use by the rebel and future political Cuban leader. We pay special attention to press organs like Bohemia magazine and the newspaper Revolución, however, we have also considered other rare sources and unique materials obtained through research developed into archives and libraries, in Cuba and the US, which supported our analysis regarding the importance of the information warfare, beyond the guerilla warfare. In this sense, we also take the opportunity to debate the relevance of the images at that time, mainly the photos, as well as its informative charge and the strategy in which it had been used in favor of the rebels to construct a narrative pro-revolution and pro-Fidel Castro, conquering the public opinion and constructing the leader’s image as if he was the political successor of the independence’s legacy and, at the same time, as a messianic figure, in an obvious appeal to people’s devotion. In addition, this work shows the importance of clashes and debates that occurred in the press, highlighting the approach between the armed struggle and the narrative struggle on the axis of revolutionary Cuba.
This work aims to discuss the construction of Fidel Castro’s public image between 1952 and 1959, focusing on the role and the importance of the press in the Cuban revolution context, showing its use by the rebel and future political Cuban leader. We pay special attention to press organs like Bohemia magazine and the newspaper Revolución, however, we have also considered other rare sources and unique materials obtained through research developed into archives and libraries, in Cuba and the US, which supported our analysis regarding the importance of the information warfare, beyond the guerilla warfare. In this sense, we also take the opportunity to debate the relevance of the images at that time, mainly the photos, as well as its informative charge and the strategy in which it had been used in favor of the rebels to construct a narrative pro-revolution and pro-Fidel Castro, conquering the public opinion and constructing the leader’s image as if he was the political successor of the independence’s legacy and, at the same time, as a messianic figure, in an obvious appeal to people’s devotion. In addition, this work shows the importance of clashes and debates that occurred in the press, highlighting the approach between the armed struggle and the narrative struggle on the axis of revolutionary Cuba.
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Imprensa, Fotografia, Castro, Fidel, 1926-2016., Cuba - História - Revolução, 1952-1959, Fotojornalismo