Estudo da influência do d-limoneno como aditivo ao óleo diesel com altas concentrações de biodiesel em motores de ignição por compressão
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Data
2021-08-20
Autores
Silveira, Bruno Henrique da
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A utilzação de biodiesel como combustível relaciona-se positivamente com as energias renováveis. Uma das vantagens de se utilizar este combustível está na diminuíção de emissões de poluentes na atmosfera gerada pela combustão. Porém, alguns problemas são gerados pelo uso do biodiesel devido à algumas de suas propriedades e composição química, formando depósitos em várias partes do motor, contribuindo também na saturação dos filtros de combustíveis e dificultando a pulverização do combustível pelo bico injetor. Os biocombustíveis possuem um índice de cetano semelhante e poder calorífico inferior ao do diesel. Diante destes problemas, foi proposto a utilização de um aditivo denominado d-limoneno, proveniente da biomassa, de modo a investigar possíveis melhorias da combustão, do combustível contendo altas concentrações de biodiesel, ao do óleo diesel derivado do petróleo. Com isso, houve a mistura de biocombustível proveniente da soja com d-limoneno em diferentes proporções no diesel comum, e após testes laboratoriais de análises de gases e estudos do comportamento do processo de combustão de cada mistura, escolheu-se a que mais satisfazia todas as condições estabelecidas sobre a emissão de gases e eficiência térmica. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que com a introdução de d-limoneno nas misturas ocasionou um maior atraso de ignição nas três cargas impregadas ao motor, gerando uma menor pressão na câmara de combustão. A taxa de liberação de calor foi maior para as misturas contendo d-limoneno, mostrando a atuação direta do aditivo nas misturas, gerando resultados no consumo específico. Nas emissões de gases, as misturas contendo maiores valores de d-limoneno apresentaram menores valores nas emissões de hidrocarbonetos não queimados, CO e material particulado, porém houve maiores emissões de NOx e CO2. E o consumo específico foi menor para as misturas contendo d-limoneno.
The use of biodiesel as fuel is a key factor in renewable energy. One of the advantages of using this fuel is the reduction of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere generated by combustion. However, some problems are generated by the use of biodiesel due to some of its properties and chemical composition, forming deposits in various parts of the engine, also contributing to the saturation of fuel filters and making it difficult to spray the fuel through the injector nozzle. Biofuels have a similar cetane number and lower calorific value than diesel. Faced with these problems, it was proposed the use of an additive called d-limonene, derived from biomass, in order to investigate possible improvements in combustion, from fuel containing high concentrations of biodiesel, to diesel oil derived from petroleum. Thus, there was a mixture of biofuel from soy with d limonene in different proportions in common diesel, and after laboratory tests of gas analysis and studies of the combustion process behavior of each mixture, the one that most satisfied all was chosen. the conditions established on the emission of gases and thermal efficiency. The results obtained showed that the introduction of d-limonene in the mixtures caused a longer ignition delay in the three loads applied to the engine, generating a lower pressure in the combustion chamber. The heat release rate was higher for the mixtures containing d-limonene, showing the direct action of the additive in the mixtures, generating results in specific consumption. In gas emissions, the mixtures containing higher values of d-limonene presented lower values in the emissions of unburned hydrocarbons, CO and particulate matter, but there were higher emissions of NOx and CO2. And the specific consumption was lower for the mixtures containing d limonene.
The use of biodiesel as fuel is a key factor in renewable energy. One of the advantages of using this fuel is the reduction of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere generated by combustion. However, some problems are generated by the use of biodiesel due to some of its properties and chemical composition, forming deposits in various parts of the engine, also contributing to the saturation of fuel filters and making it difficult to spray the fuel through the injector nozzle. Biofuels have a similar cetane number and lower calorific value than diesel. Faced with these problems, it was proposed the use of an additive called d-limonene, derived from biomass, in order to investigate possible improvements in combustion, from fuel containing high concentrations of biodiesel, to diesel oil derived from petroleum. Thus, there was a mixture of biofuel from soy with d limonene in different proportions in common diesel, and after laboratory tests of gas analysis and studies of the combustion process behavior of each mixture, the one that most satisfied all was chosen. the conditions established on the emission of gases and thermal efficiency. The results obtained showed that the introduction of d-limonene in the mixtures caused a longer ignition delay in the three loads applied to the engine, generating a lower pressure in the combustion chamber. The heat release rate was higher for the mixtures containing d-limonene, showing the direct action of the additive in the mixtures, generating results in specific consumption. In gas emissions, the mixtures containing higher values of d-limonene presented lower values in the emissions of unburned hydrocarbons, CO and particulate matter, but there were higher emissions of NOx and CO2. And the specific consumption was lower for the mixtures containing d limonene.
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Palavras-chave
Biodiesel, D-Limonene, Ignition delay, Pressure in the combustion chamber, Additive, Exhaust gases, Thermal efficiency