Análise espacial da criminalidade: estudo de caso do município de Piracicaba/SP
Carregando...
Data
2021-09-29
Autores
Silvestre, Eder Roberto
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Nas últimas décadas, o Brasil apresentou uma tendência de aumento nas taxas de criminalidade, especialmente os homicídios, que acentuaram as preocupações da sociedade em relação à segurança pública. As diversas faces que a violência assume implementam na população a sensação de insegurança e medo, reduzindo sua qualidade vida. Diante do exposto, o objetivo fundamental dessa pesquisa foi analisar a dimensão espacial do crime em Piracicaba/SP, na perspectiva teórica da desorganização social e das atividades de rotina. As informações sobre os homicídios, estupros, roubos/furtos de automóveis e residências, foram adquiridas dos Boletins de Ocorrência, disponibilizados pela Secretária de Segurança Pública do Estado de São Paulo (SPP). Os dados compreendem o período de 2008 a 2012 e foram comparados com as variáveis coletadas no Censo Demográfico de 2010, do Instituo Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Os procedimentos metodológicos consistiram na utilização do Geoprocessamento para a espacialização dos crimes e para as análises espaciais, abrangendo o mapeamento de clusters e outliers, agrupamento de dados, regressão exploratória e modelos de regressão espacial. Os resultados indicaram um suporte parcial das teorias da desorganização social e das atividades de rotina para a explicação da criminalidade no município, indicando as semelhanças e as diferenças que a violência no município pode conter em relação a outras cidades do Brasil e do mundo.
In recent decades, Brazil has shown an upward trend in crime rates, especially homicides, which have heightened society's concerns about public safety. The different faces that violence takes on make the population feel insecure and afraid, reducing their quality of life. Given the above, the main objective of this research was to analyze the spatial dimension of crime in Piracicaba/SP, according to the theoretical perspective of social disorganization and routine activities. Information on homicides, rapes, robbery/theft of cars and homes comes from Police Reports, made available by the Public Security Secretariat of the State of Sao Paulo (SPP). The data used cover the period from 2008 to 2012 and were compared with variables collected in the 2010 Demographic Census, produced by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The methodological procedures consisted in the use of Geoprocessing for the spatialization of crimes and spatial analysis, including the mapping of clusters and outliers, data grouping, exploratory regression, and spatial regression models. The results indicated partial support of theories of social disorganization and routine activities to explain criminality in the city, indicating the similarities and differences that violence in the city may have to other cities in Brazil and the world.
In recent decades, Brazil has shown an upward trend in crime rates, especially homicides, which have heightened society's concerns about public safety. The different faces that violence takes on make the population feel insecure and afraid, reducing their quality of life. Given the above, the main objective of this research was to analyze the spatial dimension of crime in Piracicaba/SP, according to the theoretical perspective of social disorganization and routine activities. Information on homicides, rapes, robbery/theft of cars and homes comes from Police Reports, made available by the Public Security Secretariat of the State of Sao Paulo (SPP). The data used cover the period from 2008 to 2012 and were compared with variables collected in the 2010 Demographic Census, produced by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The methodological procedures consisted in the use of Geoprocessing for the spatialization of crimes and spatial analysis, including the mapping of clusters and outliers, data grouping, exploratory regression, and spatial regression models. The results indicated partial support of theories of social disorganization and routine activities to explain criminality in the city, indicating the similarities and differences that violence in the city may have to other cities in Brazil and the world.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Criminologia ambiental, Criminologia espacial, Geografia do crime, Geoprocessamento, Análise espacial, Environmental criminology, Spatial criminology, Geography of crime, Geoprocessing, Spatial Analysis