Atributos físico-hídricos, químicos e estoque de carbono em um latossolo vermelho tratado com composto de lodo de esgoto cultivado em sucessão de soja e milho no cerrado
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Data
2021-09-28
Autores
Pereira, Diego dos Santos
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O uso agrícola do composto de lodo de esgoto (CLE) para melhorar os atributos do solo, e a produção agrícola, vem despertando grande interesse. Vários países têm incentivado o seu uso, devido à sua viabilidade econômica e ambiental. Nos solos tropicais, de baixa fertilidade, o uso do CLE é uma alternativa promissora, mas pouca informação está disponível sobre a os seus efeitos nos atributos físico-hídricos, químicos e na dinâmica de Carbono do solo. Assim, objetivou-se com o presente estudo, avaliar os atributos físico-hídricos, químicos e o estoque de Carbono de um LATOSSOLO VERMELHO Distrófico, adubado com CLE, em comparação à adubação mineral (ADM), durante dois anos consecutivos. O experimento foi desenvolvido em condições de campo em Selvíria/MS, sendo cultivadas em sucessão as culturas de soja e milho. Adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram: doses de CLE (5,0; 7,5; 10,0 e 12,5 t ha-1, base úmida), controle (sem aplicação do CLE e de adubos minerais) e ADM (adubação mineral convencional para o fornecimento de macro e micronutrientes). Em amostras de solo coletadas nas camadas de 0,00-0,05; 0,05-0,10; 0,10-20 e 0,20-0,40 m de profundidade, foram avaliados: MA, MI, PT, DS, Est C, CC, PMP, CAD, DMP, DMG, IEA, MO, pH, H+Al, SB, CTC, V, P, Ca, Mg e K. O CLE aumentou a SB, CTC, V, e o teor de P, Ca e Mg do solo. Não houve diferença para MA, MI, PT, DS, CC, PMP, CAD e na dinâmica de C no solo. Houve redução do DMP, DMG e IEA ao longo do tempo. O uso do CLE, foi eficiente como complemento da adubação mineral para o cultivo em sucessão da soja e milho no Cerrado, e tem potencial para melhorar os atributos físico-hídricos do solo, porém estudos de longa duração e doses mais altas são necessários para confirmar os benefícios da aplicação em solos tropicais.
The agricultural use of sewage sludge compost (SSC) to improve soil attributes and agricultural production has been arousing great interest. Several countries around the world have encouraged its use, due to its economic and environmental viability. In tropical soils, with low fertility, the use of SSC is a promising alternative, but minimal information is available about its effects on the physical-hydric, chemical and carbon dynamics of the soil. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physical-hydric and chemical attributes and the carbon stock of a Oxisol, fertilized with SSC, compared to conventional fertilization (CF), for two consecutive years. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in Selvíria, MS, Brazil, cultivated in succession with soybean and maize. A randomized complete block design with six treatments and four replications was implemented. The treatments were: SSC (5.0; 7.5; 10.0 and 12.5 t ha-1, on a wet basis), a control (a control where neither SSC nor mineral fertilizers were applied) and CF (conventional fertilizer for the supply of macro and micronutrients). Soil samples were collected in the layers 0.00-0.05; 0.05-0.10; 0.10-20 and 0.20-0.40 m of depth, and were evaluated: MA, MI, TP, BD, CS, FC, PWP, RFC, GMD, MWD, SST, OM, pH, H+Al, SB, CEC, BS, P, Ca, Mg and K. There was no difference for MA, MI, TP, BD, CS, FC, PWP, RFC, MA, MI, PT, and soil C dynamics. There was reduction in GMD, MWD and SST over time. The use of SSC was efficient as a complement to mineral fertilization for the cultivation in succession of soybean and maize in the Cerrado. And it has the potential to improve the physical-hydric attributes of the soil, but long-term studies and higher doses are needed to confirm the benefits of application in tropical soils.
The agricultural use of sewage sludge compost (SSC) to improve soil attributes and agricultural production has been arousing great interest. Several countries around the world have encouraged its use, due to its economic and environmental viability. In tropical soils, with low fertility, the use of SSC is a promising alternative, but minimal information is available about its effects on the physical-hydric, chemical and carbon dynamics of the soil. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physical-hydric and chemical attributes and the carbon stock of a Oxisol, fertilized with SSC, compared to conventional fertilization (CF), for two consecutive years. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in Selvíria, MS, Brazil, cultivated in succession with soybean and maize. A randomized complete block design with six treatments and four replications was implemented. The treatments were: SSC (5.0; 7.5; 10.0 and 12.5 t ha-1, on a wet basis), a control (a control where neither SSC nor mineral fertilizers were applied) and CF (conventional fertilizer for the supply of macro and micronutrients). Soil samples were collected in the layers 0.00-0.05; 0.05-0.10; 0.10-20 and 0.20-0.40 m of depth, and were evaluated: MA, MI, TP, BD, CS, FC, PWP, RFC, GMD, MWD, SST, OM, pH, H+Al, SB, CEC, BS, P, Ca, Mg and K. There was no difference for MA, MI, TP, BD, CS, FC, PWP, RFC, MA, MI, PT, and soil C dynamics. There was reduction in GMD, MWD and SST over time. The use of SSC was efficient as a complement to mineral fertilization for the cultivation in succession of soybean and maize in the Cerrado. And it has the potential to improve the physical-hydric attributes of the soil, but long-term studies and higher doses are needed to confirm the benefits of application in tropical soils.
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Palavras-chave
Macronutrientes, Estrutura do solo, Emissão de CO2, Sustentabilidade agrícola, Adubação orgânica, Macronutrients, Soil structure, CO2 emission, Agricultural sustainability, Organic fertilization