Modelo de otimização para o planejamento da coleta da biomassa visando a cogeração de energia e produção em uma indústria sucroenergética
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2021-09-08
Autores
Garcia, Daniel Fernando
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As decisões tomadas quanto ao planejamento da produção nas usinas sucroenergéticas são guiadas pelo mercado e/ou por contratos de logo prazo estabelecidos com o setor. O açúcar como um dos principais derivados da cana possui grande impacto nos ganhos da usina por se tratar de um produto comercializado nacional e internacionalmente. O etanol produzido em sua maioria é destinado para uso no mercado de combustíveis. A venda da eletricidade excedente produzida atualmente para incrementar seu lucro está ganhando cada vez mais destaque nas usinas sucroenergéticas. Considerando a coleta e uso da biomassa da cana utilizada para produzir energia, este trabalho propõe um modelo matemático de otimização linear inteira mista para o planejamento da produção e cadeia de suprimentos para cogeração. O modelo visa à maximização dos ganhos de uma usina por meio do balanço econômico da cogeração de energia, produção de etanol e açúcar, por meio da diferença entre as receitas e os custos considerados. Considera-se no modelo a seleção dos talhões para a coleta da biomassa remanescente da colheita mecanizada. Considera-se também a seleção dos talhões onde a cana será colhida e transportada até a usina e as demandas de cada commodity e das energias envolvidas na produção sucroenergética, assim como os limites de cada recurso disponível. O modelo proposto foi implementado no software IBM ILOG CPLEX Optimization Studio e testes numéricos foram realizados com uma planta hipotética considerando dois horizontes de planejamento, de 1 e de 7 dias. O solver CPLEX mostrou-se eficiente nos testes numéricos realizados e as soluções obtidas demonstram um equilíbrio do mix de produção entre açúcar e etanol o que é esperado de uma usina com produção mista.
Decisions taken regarding production planning in sugarcane mills are guided by the market and/or long-term contracts established with the sector. Sugar, as one of the main sugarcane derivatives, has a great impact on the mill's earnings as it is a product sold nationally and internationally. Most of the ethanol produced is destined for use in the fuel market. The sale of the surplus electricity currently produced to increase their profit is gaining more and more prominence in sugarcane mills. Considering the collection and use of sugarcane biomass used to produce energy, this work proposes a mathematical model of mixed integer linear optimization for production planning and supply chain for cogeneration. The model aims at maximizing the gains of a plant through the economic balance of energy cogeneration, ethanol and sugar production, through the difference between the revenues and the costs considered. The model considers the selection of plots to collect the remaining biomass from mechanized harvesting. The selection of the plots where the sugarcane will be harvested and transported to the mill is also considered, as well as the demands of each commodity and energy involved in sugarcane production, as well as the limits of each available resource. The proposed model was implemented in IBM ILOG CPLEX Optimization Studio software and numerical tests were performed with a hypothetical plant considering two planning horizons, 1 and 7 days. The CPLEX solver proved to be efficient in the numerical tests performed and the solutions obtained demonstrate a balance of the production mix between sugar and ethanol, which is expected from a plant with mixed production.
Decisions taken regarding production planning in sugarcane mills are guided by the market and/or long-term contracts established with the sector. Sugar, as one of the main sugarcane derivatives, has a great impact on the mill's earnings as it is a product sold nationally and internationally. Most of the ethanol produced is destined for use in the fuel market. The sale of the surplus electricity currently produced to increase their profit is gaining more and more prominence in sugarcane mills. Considering the collection and use of sugarcane biomass used to produce energy, this work proposes a mathematical model of mixed integer linear optimization for production planning and supply chain for cogeneration. The model aims at maximizing the gains of a plant through the economic balance of energy cogeneration, ethanol and sugar production, through the difference between the revenues and the costs considered. The model considers the selection of plots to collect the remaining biomass from mechanized harvesting. The selection of the plots where the sugarcane will be harvested and transported to the mill is also considered, as well as the demands of each commodity and energy involved in sugarcane production, as well as the limits of each available resource. The proposed model was implemented in IBM ILOG CPLEX Optimization Studio software and numerical tests were performed with a hypothetical plant considering two planning horizons, 1 and 7 days. The CPLEX solver proved to be efficient in the numerical tests performed and the solutions obtained demonstrate a balance of the production mix between sugar and ethanol, which is expected from a plant with mixed production.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Balanço econômico, Biomassa remanescente da colheita mecanizada, Cadeia de suprimentos, Cogeração de energia, Otimização linear inteira mista, Planejamento da produção, Economic balance, Biomass remaining from mechanized harvesting, Supply chain, Energy cogeneration, Mixed integer linear optimization, Production planning