Interação rodado-solo em unidade fixa de ensaios de pneus para diferentes quantidades de palhiço de cana-de-açúcar e modelos de pneus
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Data
2021-11-24
Autores
Marques Filho, Aldir Carpes [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A cobertura vegetal possui interferência direta nos processos de compactação do solo. No caso da cana-de-açúcar, a cada ciclo de colheita são deixados no campo elevadas quantidades de palhiço. O presente trabalho objetivou realizar um estudo em condições de laboratório, da interação rodado-solo em função de diferentes quantidades de palhiço de cana-de-açúcar, remanescente da operação de colheita, utilizando diferentes modelos construtivos de pneus em amostras de Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo. Os ensaios foram realizados em superfícies rígida, composta por mesa de aço e cartolina, e deformável composta por tanques de solo padronizados com o equivalente a 0, 15 e 30Mg ha-1 de palhiço em cobertura (0, 50 e 100% da biomassa remanescente pós-colheita). Foram avaliados três modelos de pneus de veículos de carga na cana-de-açúcar, sendo eles, P1 rodado duplo de caminhão (2 x 275/80R22.5); P2 radial (600/50R22.5) e P3 diagonal (600/50-22.5). Os dados foram analisados através de métodos estatísticos paramétricos e coeficientes de determinação. Os resultados mostraram que a relação de área total/área de garras foi de 66,9% em P1, 34,8% em P2 e 54,8% em P3. Independentemente do modelo de pneu utilizado, a quantidade de palhiço sobre o solo atenuou o impacto dos rodados em subsuperfície e aumentou linearmente a área de interação rodado-solo (r²=0,98). A resistência à penetração do solo mostrou-se linearmente inversa (r²=0,97) à quantidade de palhiço na cobertura. O pneu P1 teve um acréscimo de 15 e 36% na área de contato com 15 e 30Mg ha-1 em cobertura. Em P2, esse incremento foi de 6 e 38%, e P3 em 9 e 22% nas mesmas condições. O pneu P3, em superfície com 30Mg ha-1, apresentou área de contato superior a P2 com 15Mgha-1, o que indicou que a tecnologia diagonal pode superar a tecnologia radial em relação à área de contato em função da cobertura vegetal do solo.
Straw cover has a direct interference in compaction soil processes. In sugarcane crop, at each harvest cycle, high amounts of straw are left in the field. The present research aimed to carry out a study, under laboratory conditions, of the wheeled-soil interaction as a function of different amounts of sugarcane straw, remaining from the harvesting operation, using different constructive models of tires in samples of Red-Yellow Latosol. The tests were carried out on rigid surfaces, consisting of a steel table and cardboard, and deformable surfaces consisting of standardized soil tanks with the equivalent of 0, 15 and 30Mg ha-1 of covered straw (0, 50 and 100% of the remaining biomass post-harvest). Three models of sugarcane cargo vehicle tires were evaluated, namely, P1 double wheeled truck (2 x 275/80R22.5); radial P2 (600/50R22.5) and Bias tire P3 (600/50-22.5). Data were analyzed using parametric statistical methods and coefficients of determination. The results showed that the total area/claw area ratio was 66.9% in P1, 34.8% in P2 and 54.8% in P3. Regardless of the tire model used, the amount of straw on the ground attenuated the impact of wheelsets on the subsurface and linearly increased the area of wheelbase-ground interaction (r²=0.98). The resistance soil penetration was linearly inverse (r²=0.97) to the amount of straw in the coverage. The P1 tire had an increase of 15 and 36% in the contact area with 15 and 30Mg ha-1 in coverage. In P2, this increase was 6 and 38%, and P3 in 9 and 22% under the same conditions. The P3 tire, on a surface with 30Mg ha-1, presented a contact area greater than P2 with 15Mgha-1, which indicated that the bias surpasses the radial technology in relation to contact area due to the vegetal coverage of the soil.
Straw cover has a direct interference in compaction soil processes. In sugarcane crop, at each harvest cycle, high amounts of straw are left in the field. The present research aimed to carry out a study, under laboratory conditions, of the wheeled-soil interaction as a function of different amounts of sugarcane straw, remaining from the harvesting operation, using different constructive models of tires in samples of Red-Yellow Latosol. The tests were carried out on rigid surfaces, consisting of a steel table and cardboard, and deformable surfaces consisting of standardized soil tanks with the equivalent of 0, 15 and 30Mg ha-1 of covered straw (0, 50 and 100% of the remaining biomass post-harvest). Three models of sugarcane cargo vehicle tires were evaluated, namely, P1 double wheeled truck (2 x 275/80R22.5); radial P2 (600/50R22.5) and Bias tire P3 (600/50-22.5). Data were analyzed using parametric statistical methods and coefficients of determination. The results showed that the total area/claw area ratio was 66.9% in P1, 34.8% in P2 and 54.8% in P3. Regardless of the tire model used, the amount of straw on the ground attenuated the impact of wheelsets on the subsurface and linearly increased the area of wheelbase-ground interaction (r²=0.98). The resistance soil penetration was linearly inverse (r²=0.97) to the amount of straw in the coverage. The P1 tire had an increase of 15 and 36% in the contact area with 15 and 30Mg ha-1 in coverage. In P2, this increase was 6 and 38%, and P3 in 9 and 22% under the same conditions. The P3 tire, on a surface with 30Mg ha-1, presented a contact area greater than P2 with 15Mgha-1, which indicated that the bias surpasses the radial technology in relation to contact area due to the vegetal coverage of the soil.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Solos compactação, Pneus desempenho, Biomassa vegetal, Tests, Compaction, Wheels, Biomass