Aplicação foliar de Fe é uma alternativa em relação a radicular para conciliar alta produtividade e qualidades de grãos de quinoa
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Data
2021-10-14
Autores
Diniz, Diogo Bon
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Ferro favorece o crescimento, produtividade e a qualidade dos grãos das plantas de quinoa. Para entender melhor o efeito do Fe nas plantas, é importante considerar o melhor modo de fornecimento, mas essas informações não são conhecidas em plantas como a quinoa. Para isso, realizou-se esta pesquisa, objetivando-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes modos de aplicação de Fe na produção de compostos antioxidantes, antinutricionais, crescimento e produtividade da quinoa. Os tratamentos foram: aplicação de Fe via solução nutritiva (0,09 mmol L-1), via foliar (9 mmol L-1), e solução nutritiva somada a via foliar e o tratamento controle (- sem aplicação de Fe). A fonte utilizada para o fornecimento tanto via foliar como solução nutritiva foi o quelato de ferro (Fe-EDDHMA). Os resultados demonstraram que a aplicação foliar de Fe destacou-se da aplicação via solução nutritiva em promover o crescimento da quinoa devido ao aumento dos pigmentos fotossintéticos e da eficiência quântica do fotossistema II. No entanto, para atingir o maior teor de Fe nos grãos foi necessária a aplicação conjunta de Fe (via radicular e foliar), além de melhorar a qualidade dos grãos por aumentar o teor de ácido ascórbico. Todavia, apenas aplicações foliares de Fe foram suficientes para diminuir o teor de taninos nos grãos.
The Iron (Fe) favors the growth, yield and grain qualities of quinoa plants. In order to improve the understanding of the effects of Fe in plants, it is important to consider the best mode of supply of this micronutrient are relevant, but this information is not known in some plants such as quinoa. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of different modes of application of Fe in the production of antioxidant and anti-nutritional compounds, as well as in plants growth and productivity. The treatments were established: application of Fe in the nutrient solution (0.09 mmol L-1), foliar application (9 mmol L-1 of Fe), and combined in the nutrient solution added to the leaf and a control (without Fe). The source of Fe used in this study was iron chelate (Fe-EDDHMA). The results showed that the foliar application of Fe stood out from application via nutrient solution in promoting the growth of quinoa plants, as a result of improved physiological variables, such as the photosynthetic pigments and quantum efficiency of the photosystem II. However, to reach higher Fe content in the grains, it was necessary to apply Fe together (via root and leaf), besides improved grain quality by increasing Ascorbic acid content. However, only Fe foliar applications were enough to reduce the tannin content in the grains.
The Iron (Fe) favors the growth, yield and grain qualities of quinoa plants. In order to improve the understanding of the effects of Fe in plants, it is important to consider the best mode of supply of this micronutrient are relevant, but this information is not known in some plants such as quinoa. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of different modes of application of Fe in the production of antioxidant and anti-nutritional compounds, as well as in plants growth and productivity. The treatments were established: application of Fe in the nutrient solution (0.09 mmol L-1), foliar application (9 mmol L-1 of Fe), and combined in the nutrient solution added to the leaf and a control (without Fe). The source of Fe used in this study was iron chelate (Fe-EDDHMA). The results showed that the foliar application of Fe stood out from application via nutrient solution in promoting the growth of quinoa plants, as a result of improved physiological variables, such as the photosynthetic pigments and quantum efficiency of the photosystem II. However, to reach higher Fe content in the grains, it was necessary to apply Fe together (via root and leaf), besides improved grain quality by increasing Ascorbic acid content. However, only Fe foliar applications were enough to reduce the tannin content in the grains.
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Plantas nutrição, Elementos traços na nutrição, Cultivos agrícolas rendimento, Vitamina C, Fotossíntese