“Construção de aplicativos para dispositivo móvel: educação em saúde no Acidente Vascular Cerebral”
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Data
2021-12-02
Autores
Zanetti, Ângelo Antônio Paulino Martins
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Introdução: No Brasil, a utilização de Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação pela população vem aumentado nas últimas décadas. O telefone móvel, além da função de comunicação, permite a busca de informações através de vídeos, livros eletrônicos, acesso a mapas e navegação em redes sociais. Aliado à versatilidade do aparelho móvel e à colaboração e interatividade das ferramentas da Web 2.0, surgiram os aplicativos desenvolvidos especialmente para esses dispositivos na área da saúde humana, como o mSmartAVC® e o AVC Brasil. Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde, o acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) caracteriza-se pelo comprometimento neurológico focal, de início súbito, de origem vascular, com duração igual ou superior à 24 horas e pode ser classificado em AVC isquêmico (AVCI) e AVC hemorrágico (AVCH). Os sintomas podem ser: dormência e/ou fraqueza da face, pernas ou braços; acometimento da fala, visão, deambulação; tontura e perda do equilíbrio. Objetivo: Construir dois aplicativos para dispositivo móvel celular e/ou tablet destinados a cuidadores / público em geral e a profissionais da saúde. Método: Trata-se de um estudo metodológico para desenvolvimento de dois aplicativos para educação em saúde para dois públicos distintos e utilização em dispositivos móveis. O referencial metodológico adotado para a construção dos aplicativos foi o de Cook & Dupras, constituído por sete etapas. Os aplicativos foram construídos no site fabricadeaplicativos.com.br. Os materiais que subsidiaram os conteúdos científicos foram produzidos pelo Ministério da Saúde, Sociedade Brasileira de Doenças Cerebrovasculares, Hospital do Coração e Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Espírito Santo. Também foram utilizadas evidências científicas resultados de estudos qualitativos, uma dissertação de mestrado profissional e uma tese de doutorado acadêmico. Resultados: O primeiro aplicativo, destinado a cuidadores e público em geral, é constituído dos seguintes cinco temas: “O que é AVC?; “Grupo de risco”; “Identificando o AVC”; “Tempo é cérebro”; e “Serviços de saúde”. O segundo aplicativo, voltado para profissionais de saúde, contém cinco temas: “Avaliação do AVC”; “Condutas”; “Tratamento do AVC isquêmico”; “Monitoramento do AVCH”; e “Monitoramento Geral”. Os aplicativos foram disponibilizados por QR Codes e também através dos links https://app.vc/cuidado_informal_no_avc e https://app.vc/cuidado_profissional_no_avc. Discussão: Com a crescente utilização dos smartphones e surgimento dos aplicativos, um novo termo ganhou espaço, mobile health (mHealth), como práticas médicas e de saúde pública que contam com o suporte de dispositivos móveis, como celulares e tablets. Os aplicativos mHealth podem ser direcionados ao público geral, como também podem ser voltados para os profissionais da área da saúde com conhecimentos mais específicos, abrangendo as individualidades de cada profissão. Considerações finais: A construção dos aplicativos propiciou o compartilhamento de informações científicas relacionadas aos sinais e sintomas do AVC, além de proporcionar conteúdo para que os usuários saibam identificar esse grave evento, que tem alta prevalência na população. Desta forma, contribui para agilizar as tomadas de decisões e providências pelo profissional de saúde. A tecnologia assistencial para a saúde colabora para minimizar os efeitos deletérios e sequelas neuromotoras oriundas do AVC e o acesso aos aplicativos oferece condições para uma assistência segura, com rapidez e objetividade de informações, pois tempo é cérebro.
Introduction: In Brazil, the use of Information and Communication Technology by the population has increased in recent decades. The mobile phone, besides its communication function, allows for the search for information through videos, electronic books, access to maps, browsing on social networks. Combined with the versatility of the mobile device plus the collaboration and interactivity of Web 2.0 tools, applications developed especially for these devices in the area of human health, such as mSmartAVC® and AVC Brazil, emerged. According to the World Health Organization, cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is characterized by focal neurological impairment, of sudden onset, of vascular origin, lasting 24 hours or more and can be classified as ischemic cerebrovascular accident (ICVA) or hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident (HCVA). Symptoms can be: numbness and/or weakness of the face, legs or arms; impairment of speech, vision or walking; dizziness and loss of balance. Objective: To build two applications for mobile device cell phone and / or tablet aimed at caregivers / general public and at health professionals. Method: This is a methodological study for the development of two health education applications for two different audiences and for use on mobile devices. The methodological framework adopted for the construction of the applications was that of Cook & Dupras, consisting of seven steps. The applications were built on the website fabricadeaplicativos.com.br. The materials that supported scientific contents were obtained from The Ministry of Health, The Brazilian Society of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Heart Hospital and The State Health Department of Espírito Santo. Scientific evidence from qualitative studies, a professional master's thesis and an academic doctoral thesis were also utilized. Results: The first application, intended for caregivers and general public, is composed of the following five themes: “What is stroke?; "Group of risk"; “Identifying stroke”; “Time is brain”; and “Health services”. The second application, aimed at health professionals, contains five themes: “Stroke Assessment”; “Conducts”; “Ischemic Stroke Treatment”; “HCVA Monitoring”; and “General Monitoring”. The apps were made available by QR Codes and also through the links https://app.vc/cuidado_informal_no_avc and https://app.vc/cuidado_profissional_no_avc. Discussion: With the growing use of smartphones and the emergence of applications, a new expression has gained ground, mobile health (mHealth), as medical and public health practices that are backed up by mobile devices such as cell phones and tablets. The mHealth applications can be focused at the general public, as well as healthcare professionals with more specific knowledge, embracing the individualities of each profession. Final considerations: The construction of the applications allowed for the sharing of scientific information related to the signs and symptoms of stroke, besides providing content for users to know how to identify this serious event, which is highly prevalent in the population. Thus, it helps to streamline decision-making and action by the health professional. Assistive technology for health helps to minimize deleterious effects and neuromotor sequelae that result from stroke, and accessibility to the applications offer conditions for safe assistance, with speed and objectivity of information, because time is brain.
Introduction: In Brazil, the use of Information and Communication Technology by the population has increased in recent decades. The mobile phone, besides its communication function, allows for the search for information through videos, electronic books, access to maps, browsing on social networks. Combined with the versatility of the mobile device plus the collaboration and interactivity of Web 2.0 tools, applications developed especially for these devices in the area of human health, such as mSmartAVC® and AVC Brazil, emerged. According to the World Health Organization, cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is characterized by focal neurological impairment, of sudden onset, of vascular origin, lasting 24 hours or more and can be classified as ischemic cerebrovascular accident (ICVA) or hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident (HCVA). Symptoms can be: numbness and/or weakness of the face, legs or arms; impairment of speech, vision or walking; dizziness and loss of balance. Objective: To build two applications for mobile device cell phone and / or tablet aimed at caregivers / general public and at health professionals. Method: This is a methodological study for the development of two health education applications for two different audiences and for use on mobile devices. The methodological framework adopted for the construction of the applications was that of Cook & Dupras, consisting of seven steps. The applications were built on the website fabricadeaplicativos.com.br. The materials that supported scientific contents were obtained from The Ministry of Health, The Brazilian Society of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Heart Hospital and The State Health Department of Espírito Santo. Scientific evidence from qualitative studies, a professional master's thesis and an academic doctoral thesis were also utilized. Results: The first application, intended for caregivers and general public, is composed of the following five themes: “What is stroke?; "Group of risk"; “Identifying stroke”; “Time is brain”; and “Health services”. The second application, aimed at health professionals, contains five themes: “Stroke Assessment”; “Conducts”; “Ischemic Stroke Treatment”; “HCVA Monitoring”; and “General Monitoring”. The apps were made available by QR Codes and also through the links https://app.vc/cuidado_informal_no_avc and https://app.vc/cuidado_profissional_no_avc. Discussion: With the growing use of smartphones and the emergence of applications, a new expression has gained ground, mobile health (mHealth), as medical and public health practices that are backed up by mobile devices such as cell phones and tablets. The mHealth applications can be focused at the general public, as well as healthcare professionals with more specific knowledge, embracing the individualities of each profession. Final considerations: The construction of the applications allowed for the sharing of scientific information related to the signs and symptoms of stroke, besides providing content for users to know how to identify this serious event, which is highly prevalent in the population. Thus, it helps to streamline decision-making and action by the health professional. Assistive technology for health helps to minimize deleterious effects and neuromotor sequelae that result from stroke, and accessibility to the applications offer conditions for safe assistance, with speed and objectivity of information, because time is brain.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Acidente vascular cerebral, Aplicativos móveis, Educação em saúde., Stroke, Mobile applications, Health education