Estudo sobre a ocorrência de colelitíase em Leontopithecus [Lesson, 1840]: diagnóstico ultrassonográfico, Callitrichidae - Primates
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Data
2021-09-10
Autores
Felippi, Daniel Angelo [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Em humanos, a colelitíase apresenta-se como um dos problemas cirúrgicos mais frequentes nos países desenvolvidos. Enquanto em primatas não humanos, a doença é geralmente diagnosticada somente em exames necroscópicos, sendo a maioria dos indivíduos assintomáticos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar por meio da ultrassonografia abdominal, a ocorrência de colelitíase em 17 micos-leões-dourados (Leontopithecus rosalia) e 13 micos-leões-da-cara-dourada (L. chrysomelas) mantidos sob cuidados humanos em cinco zoológicos brasileiros. A enfermidade foi diagnosticada em 53,3% dos animais avaliados, não sendo observada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as espécies. A presença de cálculos na vesícula biliar foi detectada em 75,0% dos indivíduos com idade superior a cinco anos. Entre os animais examinados, 86,6% apresentavam a vesícula biliar septada e, destes, 53,8% foram diagnosticados com a doença. No entanto, também foram detectados cálculos biliares em indivíduos sem esta característica anatômica. A alteração laboratorial mais relevante foi a elevação da enzima gama glutamil transpeptidase (GGT), presente em 18,7% dos casos. Este estudo demonstrou que a litíase biliar é frequente em micos-leões mantidos sob cuidados humanos, sendo esta diagnosticada em todas as instituições participantes desta pesquisa. Micos-leões-dourados e mico-leões-da-cara-dourada são acometidos de maneira similar pela doença e o avanço da idade parece ser um fator importante para o surgimento dos cálculos. Diante desses resultados, acredita-se fortemente que os exames ultrassonográficos abdominais devam ser implantados no manejo preventivo desses primatas.
In humans, cholelithiasis is one of the most common surgical problems in developed countries, while, in non-human primates, the disease is often diagnosed post-mortem and most individuals are asymptomatic. This study aims at evaluating the occurrence of gallstones through an abdominal ultrasound in 17 golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia) and 13 golden-headed lion tamarins (L. chrysomelas) kept under human care. The disease was diagnosed in 53.3% of the animals evaluated and no differences were observed between species. The presence of gallstones was observed in 75.0% of the individuals older than 5-years-old. Among the animals examined, 86.6% presented a septate gallbladder and, of these, 53.8% were diagnosed with the disease. However, gallstones were also detected in individuals without this anatomical particularity. The most relevant laboratory alteration was the increased levels of the gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) enzyme, observed in 18.7% of cases. This study demonstrated that a gallstone disease is frequent in lion tamarins under human care, being diagnosed in all institutions participating in this study. Golden lion tamarins and golden-headed lion tamarins are affected similarly by the disease and advanced age seems to be an important factor for the appearance of calculi. Given these results, we strongly believe that abdominal ultrasound examinations should be implemented in the preventive management of these primates.
In humans, cholelithiasis is one of the most common surgical problems in developed countries, while, in non-human primates, the disease is often diagnosed post-mortem and most individuals are asymptomatic. This study aims at evaluating the occurrence of gallstones through an abdominal ultrasound in 17 golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia) and 13 golden-headed lion tamarins (L. chrysomelas) kept under human care. The disease was diagnosed in 53.3% of the animals evaluated and no differences were observed between species. The presence of gallstones was observed in 75.0% of the individuals older than 5-years-old. Among the animals examined, 86.6% presented a septate gallbladder and, of these, 53.8% were diagnosed with the disease. However, gallstones were also detected in individuals without this anatomical particularity. The most relevant laboratory alteration was the increased levels of the gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) enzyme, observed in 18.7% of cases. This study demonstrated that a gallstone disease is frequent in lion tamarins under human care, being diagnosed in all institutions participating in this study. Golden lion tamarins and golden-headed lion tamarins are affected similarly by the disease and advanced age seems to be an important factor for the appearance of calculi. Given these results, we strongly believe that abdominal ultrasound examinations should be implemented in the preventive management of these primates.
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Palavras-chave
Litíase biliar, Ultrassonografia, Calitriquídeos, Ex-situ, Ultrasound, Cholelithiasis