AlfabetizaTEA: recurso digital pedagógico de apoio à alfabetização, com ênfase nos educandos com TEA
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Data
2021-12-03
Autores
Dalanesi, Viviane Teles Vidal
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A partir do movimento mundial da inclusão escolar, é perceptível que as matrículas dos alunos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) aumentaram consideravelmente no Brasil, tornando-a uma realidade nos dias atuais. Contudo, é importante salientar que as ações governamentais ampliaram o ingresso deste público-alvo da Educação Especial (PAEE) no ensino regular, porém, as dificuldades encontradas no “chão da escola” são inúmeras para garantir a aprendizagem destes alunos. Dentre elas podemos destacar as dificuldades concernentes à falta de conhecimento a respeito do TEA, além da relativa escassez de estratégias e recursos pedagógicos que possam auxiliar em seu processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Diante disso, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar os requisitos funcionais para a elaboração de um recurso digital pedagógico, sob a perspectiva do modelo educacional TEACCH, para apoiar o processo de alfabetização dos alunos dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, com ênfase nos educandos com TEA. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa de caráter exploratório do tipo descritiva organizada em dois estudos: o estudo 1 caracterizado por uma pesquisa documental e, o estudo 2 com foco no desenvolvimento de algo novo com validação realizada por juízes (professores). Após aprofundado estudo das referências selecionadas e análise dos dados obtidos por meio das avaliações dos juízes quanto ao produto educacional, conclui-se que o AlfabetizaTEA tem potencial para o ensino e aprendizagem da alfabetização para todos os educandos, com e sem deficiência. Desta forma, o recurso educacional virtual/digital AlfabetizaTEA pode de fato ir ao encontro das necessidades educacionais dos educandos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista e beneficiar todos os demais alunos, como também atenuar a demanda dos educadores, uma vez que busca compreender, evidenciar e difundir o trabalho pedagógico com estas crianças a partir do conhecimento das especificidades.
DALANESI, V.T.V. AlfabetizaTEA: digital pedagogical resource to support literacy, with emphasis on students with ASD. 2021. 151 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Docência para a Educação Básica) – UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências, Bauru, 2021. ABSTRACT From the worldwide movement of school inclusion, it is noticeable that the enrollment of students with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has increased considerably in Brazil, becoming reality nowadays. It is important to emphasize that government actions have expanded the entry of this target audience of Special Education (TASE) in regular education. However, difficulties found on the “school floor” are plenty, in order to ensure the learning for these students. Among them, worrying difficulties can be highlighted, like the lack of knowledge about the ASD, poor training for educators and, consequently, their unpreparedness to work with these students, in addition to the relative scarcity of technical teaching and pedagogical resources, which could aid their teaching- learning process. Therefore, this research aimed to identify the functional requirements for the development of a pedagogical digital resource, from the perspective of the TEACCH educational model, to support the literacy process of students in the early years of elementary school, with emphasis on students with ASD. Therefore, a research with a qualitative exploratory approach of the descriptive type was carried out, organized in two studies: study 1 characterized by a documentary research and study 2 focusing on the development of something new with validation carried out by judges (teachers). After a thorough study of the selected references and analysis of the data obtained through the evaluations of the judges regarding the educational product, it is concluded that the AlfabetizaTEA has potential for teaching and learning literacy for all students, with and without disabilities. In this way, the virtual/digital educational resource AlfabetizaTEA can actually meet the educational needs of students with Autistic Spectrum Disorder and benefit all other students, as well as alleviate the demand of educators, as it seeks to understand, highlight and disseminate the pedagogical work with these children from the knowledge of the specifics.
DALANESI, V.T.V. AlfabetizaTEA: digital pedagogical resource to support literacy, with emphasis on students with ASD. 2021. 151 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Docência para a Educação Básica) – UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências, Bauru, 2021. ABSTRACT From the worldwide movement of school inclusion, it is noticeable that the enrollment of students with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has increased considerably in Brazil, becoming reality nowadays. It is important to emphasize that government actions have expanded the entry of this target audience of Special Education (TASE) in regular education. However, difficulties found on the “school floor” are plenty, in order to ensure the learning for these students. Among them, worrying difficulties can be highlighted, like the lack of knowledge about the ASD, poor training for educators and, consequently, their unpreparedness to work with these students, in addition to the relative scarcity of technical teaching and pedagogical resources, which could aid their teaching- learning process. Therefore, this research aimed to identify the functional requirements for the development of a pedagogical digital resource, from the perspective of the TEACCH educational model, to support the literacy process of students in the early years of elementary school, with emphasis on students with ASD. Therefore, a research with a qualitative exploratory approach of the descriptive type was carried out, organized in two studies: study 1 characterized by a documentary research and study 2 focusing on the development of something new with validation carried out by judges (teachers). After a thorough study of the selected references and analysis of the data obtained through the evaluations of the judges regarding the educational product, it is concluded that the AlfabetizaTEA has potential for teaching and learning literacy for all students, with and without disabilities. In this way, the virtual/digital educational resource AlfabetizaTEA can actually meet the educational needs of students with Autistic Spectrum Disorder and benefit all other students, as well as alleviate the demand of educators, as it seeks to understand, highlight and disseminate the pedagogical work with these children from the knowledge of the specifics.
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Palavras-chave
Transtorno do Espectro Autista, Alfabetização, Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação, Modelo Educacional TEACCH, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Literacy, Digital Information and Communication Technologies, TEACCH Educacional model