Frases Aforizadas em Fotografias da Mídia Impressa: um caso particular de destacamento em cartaz de protesto na Folha de S. Paulo
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2018-02-22
Autores
Leal, Plínio Marcos Volponi [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Como observa Maingueneau (2010, 2014), existem muitas frases que circulam “sem texto”. Provérbios, slogans, ditados, manchetes, sentenças, fórmulas, citações célebres etc. são frases que fogem aparentemente à ordem do texto e, assim, circulam como frases autônomas em diversos suportes: conversações, imprensa escrita, fachada de edifícios, camisetas, placas de automóveis, cartazes de protesto etc. Muitas dessas frases são destacadas de textos, como é o caso das citações célebres, enquanto outras, pela sua própria natureza, não se vinculam exatamente a um contexto situacional nem a um contexto original, como é o caso dos provérbios. Neste trabalho, analisamos um tipo particular de frases destacadas presente em cartazes e banners de manifestações populares que integram as fotografias publicadas no jornal Folha de S. Paulo, no ano de 2013. Trata-se de um caso particular de destacamento, uma vez que o discurso midiático destaca, por meio dessas fotografias, frases que já haviam sido destacadas pelos manifestantes, na condição de cartazes de protesto e banners. Defendemos que, nesse caso, ocorre “destacamento duplo” ou “destacamento em dois níveis”. Com o intuito de compreender melhor esse fenômeno e as especificidades dessas frases, foram selecionados dois eixos para analisá-las: descrição e análise linguística das construções frasais e análise do ethos discursivo. As análises demonstram que a função social específica do gênero “cartaz de protesto” é de expressar as demandas do locutor/enunciador no ato de protesto (função expressiva subjetiva) e, ao mesmo tempo, buscar a adesão do interlocutor a essas demandas (função apelativa intersubjetiva), função linguisticamente instanciada por padrões construcionais específicos. As análises também revelam que a influência de um repertório cultural compartilhado relativo ao imaginário sobre as manifestações populares particulariza o ethos discursivo dessas frases, que nem sempre corresponde ao ethos solene que caracteriza a enunciação das frases destacadas, o que diferencia as frases aqui analisadas dos demais tipos de frases autônomas.
As Maingueneau (2010, 2014) notes, there are many phrases that circulate without text. Proverbs, slogans, sayings, headlines, sentences, formulas, famous quotes etc. are phrases that apparently flee the order of the text and thus circulate like autonomous phrases in diverse supports: conversations, written press, facade of buildings, T-shirts, plates of automobiles, protest signs etc. Many of these phrases are highlighted from texts, as in the case of famous quotes, while others, by their very nature, are not exactly linked to a situational context nor an original context, as is the case with proverbs. In this work, we analyze a particular type of highlighted phrases, that is, the phrases present in protest signs and banners of popular manifestations that integrate the photographs published by “Folha de S. Paulo” newspaper, in the year 2013. This is a particular case of detachment, since the media discourse highlights, through these photographs, phrases that had already been highlighted by the protesters, in the condition of protest signs and banners. We argue that, in this case, a "double detachment" or a "detachment on two steps" occurs. In order to better understand this phenomenon and the specificities of these phrases, two axes were selected to analyze them: linguistic description and linguistic analysis of phrases and analysis of the discursive ethos. The analyzes demonstrate that the specific social function of the "protest sign" genre is to express the demands of the speaker / enunciator in the act of protest (subjective expressive function) and, at the same time, seek the adherence of the interlocutor to these demands (intersubjective appeal function), function linguistically instantiated by specific constructional patterns. The analyzes also reveal that the influence of a shared cultural repertoire relative to the imaginary on popular manifestations particularizes the discursive ethos of these phrases, which does not always correspond to the solemn ethos that characterizes the enunciation of the highlighted phrases, which differentiates the phrases analyzed here from the others types of autonomous phrases.
As Maingueneau (2010, 2014) notes, there are many phrases that circulate without text. Proverbs, slogans, sayings, headlines, sentences, formulas, famous quotes etc. are phrases that apparently flee the order of the text and thus circulate like autonomous phrases in diverse supports: conversations, written press, facade of buildings, T-shirts, plates of automobiles, protest signs etc. Many of these phrases are highlighted from texts, as in the case of famous quotes, while others, by their very nature, are not exactly linked to a situational context nor an original context, as is the case with proverbs. In this work, we analyze a particular type of highlighted phrases, that is, the phrases present in protest signs and banners of popular manifestations that integrate the photographs published by “Folha de S. Paulo” newspaper, in the year 2013. This is a particular case of detachment, since the media discourse highlights, through these photographs, phrases that had already been highlighted by the protesters, in the condition of protest signs and banners. We argue that, in this case, a "double detachment" or a "detachment on two steps" occurs. In order to better understand this phenomenon and the specificities of these phrases, two axes were selected to analyze them: linguistic description and linguistic analysis of phrases and analysis of the discursive ethos. The analyzes demonstrate that the specific social function of the "protest sign" genre is to express the demands of the speaker / enunciator in the act of protest (subjective expressive function) and, at the same time, seek the adherence of the interlocutor to these demands (intersubjective appeal function), function linguistically instantiated by specific constructional patterns. The analyzes also reveal that the influence of a shared cultural repertoire relative to the imaginary on popular manifestations particularizes the discursive ethos of these phrases, which does not always correspond to the solemn ethos that characterizes the enunciation of the highlighted phrases, which differentiates the phrases analyzed here from the others types of autonomous phrases.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Análise do discurso, Ethos Discursivo, Cartaz de Protesto, Frases Aforizadas, Manifestações de Junho de 2013 - Brasil, Discourse analysis, Discursive Ethos, Protest Sign, Aphoristic Phrases, Demonstrations of June 2013 - Brazil