Estudo sobre construções unifamiliares: análise de viabilidade técnica, ecológica e econômica
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Data
2017-12-14
Autores
Toledo, Darci Roberto
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho surgiu da necessidade de prover aos envolvidos com construções de residências unifamiliares, informações quanto ao correto trato ambiental que se pode dar à obra de uma maneira geral. Hoje em dia, muito se fala sobre sustentabilidade e o papel da construção civil na redução dos impactos ambientais, porém, o pequeno e médio construtor não necessariamente tem informações sobre o que ele precisa fazer para seguir neste caminho. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é de analisar, dentre os sistemas construtivos mais utilizados atualmente, quais podem ser usados em substituição à construção em concreto armado, visto o seu potencial agressivo ao meio ambiente, analisando em termos de aplicabilidade técnica, sustentável e econômica. Analisar materiais e metodologias ecológicas, nos mesmos critérios supraditos e verificar a sua viabilidade de utilização. Verificar modos de minimizar as perdas e geração de Resíduos de Construção e Demolição nos canteiros de obra, estudos das normas técnicas, legislações e regulamentações atuais pertinentes e também das certificações ambientais. Com este trabalho foi possível concluir que existem estudos diversos sobre os mais variados assuntos no que tange à sustentabilidade na construção e que só precisam ser centralizadas, com o objetivo de prover conhecimento e conscientização aos envolvidos na construção para, assim, serem discutidos com a sociedade como um todo. Foi possível identificar quais sistemas construtivos podem ser utilizados na substituição da alvenaria comum em residência unifamiliares, assim como quais materiais e métodos ecológicos podem ser usados. E por fim, a importância do conhecimento dos preceitos e conceitos das certificações ambientais, seja em novas construções ou em reformas.
This work arose from the need to provide those involved with single family dwellings with information about the correct environmental treatment that can be given to the work in general. Nowadays, much is said about sustainability and the role of construction in reducing environmental impacts, however, the small and medium builder does not necessarily have information about what he needs to do to follow this path. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze, among the most commonly used construction systems, which can be used instead of reinforced concrete construction, considering its aggressive potential to the environment, analyzing in terms of technical, sustainable and economic applicability. Analyze ecological materials and methodologies, using the same criteria and verify their feasibility. Verify ways to minimize losses and generation of construction and demolition waste at construction sites, technical standards studies, pertinent current legislation and regulations, as well as environmental certifications. With this work it was possible to conclude that there are several studies on the most varied issues regarding sustainability in construction and that only need to be centralized, with the objective of providing knowledge and awareness to those involved in the construction to be discussed with society as a whole. It was possible to identify which construction systems can be used to replace common masonry in single-family homes, as well as which ecological materials and methods can be used. And finally, the importance of knowledge of the precepts and concepts of environmental certifications, whether in new constructions or in reforms.
This work arose from the need to provide those involved with single family dwellings with information about the correct environmental treatment that can be given to the work in general. Nowadays, much is said about sustainability and the role of construction in reducing environmental impacts, however, the small and medium builder does not necessarily have information about what he needs to do to follow this path. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze, among the most commonly used construction systems, which can be used instead of reinforced concrete construction, considering its aggressive potential to the environment, analyzing in terms of technical, sustainable and economic applicability. Analyze ecological materials and methodologies, using the same criteria and verify their feasibility. Verify ways to minimize losses and generation of construction and demolition waste at construction sites, technical standards studies, pertinent current legislation and regulations, as well as environmental certifications. With this work it was possible to conclude that there are several studies on the most varied issues regarding sustainability in construction and that only need to be centralized, with the objective of providing knowledge and awareness to those involved in the construction to be discussed with society as a whole. It was possible to identify which construction systems can be used to replace common masonry in single-family homes, as well as which ecological materials and methods can be used. And finally, the importance of knowledge of the precepts and concepts of environmental certifications, whether in new constructions or in reforms.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Construção civil, Sustentabilidade, Certificação ambiental, Resíduos, Gestão de resíduos, Construction, Sustainability, Environmental certification, Waste, Waste management, Construção civil, Construção sustentável, Sustentabilidade, Reaproveitamento (Sobras,Refugos, etc.)