A influência da texturização de superfície do titânio comercialmente puro (Ticp) com jateamento de zircônia e ataque ácido com adição de nanopartículas de hidroxiapatita em ossos de baixa densidade: Um estudo in vitro e in vivo.
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Data
2021-11-25
Autores
Toscano, Ricardo Alves [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os implantes médicos-odontológicos constituídos por titânio (Ticp) são constantemente modificados, em especial, a sua topografia, para a obtenção de melhores propriedades físico-químicas e biológicas dos tecidos periimplantares. Assim, o maior desafio atual é desenvolver uma superfície na topografia dos implantes para melhorar a reparação óssea em áreas críticas no que se refere à estabilidade dos tecidos peri-implantares, representadas principalmente por ossos de menor densidade. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as superfícies por meio desses parâmetros em osso de baixa densidade. Os parâmetros estruturais, imunoistoquímicos e reparacionais por meio de um método de jateamento de zircônia e ataque ácido com adição nanopartículas de hidroxiapatita (grupo TESTE). Para isso, foi realizado a caracterização estrutural da superfície de discos tratados por meio da superfície de implantes tratadas por jateamento de zircônia e outra tratada por adição de nanopartículas de HA, ou seja, jateamento de zircônia e ataque ácido de acordo com padrões comerciais, através das análises de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), perfilometria, energia livre de superfície e análise de microdureza. Para o estudo in vivo foram utilizadas 22 ratas Wistar, as quais foram submetidas a ovariectomia bilateral e após 90 dias, realizou-se instalação de implantes de ambas as superfícies utilizadas neste estudo. Para avaliar os efeitos das texturizações no reparo periimplantar realizou-se as análises de histologia e imunistoquímica aos 14 e 28 dias pós-operatório, contra-torque aos 28 dias e histometria aos 60. Todos os dados quantitativos obtidos foram submetidos a análise estatística com nível de significância de 0,05. Os resultados da caracterização da superfície demonstraram que o grupo TESTE promoveu alteração na morfologia superficial, com formação de poros distribuídos homogeneamente. Os resultados de energia livre de superfície, microdureza e rugosidade foram semelhantes entre os grupos. Em relação ao reparo periimplantar, foi observado maior contra-torque para TESTE (p=0,030) e tendência a apresentar maior AON e ELCOI do que o grupo PADRÃO. A análise histológica qualitativa constatou melhor maturação óssea para o grupo TESTE aos 14 e 28 dias e perfil inflamatório satisfatório para ambos os grupos. Os resultados obtidos nesse estudo foram bastante favoráveis e promissores, estimulando a realização de mais estudos para futura aplicação clínica da texturização proposta.
The medical-dental implants, made from titanium (Ticp) are constantly modified, mostly its topography, to obtain better physic-chemical and biological properties of the peri implant tissues. Therefore, the biggest challenge today is to develop a surface on the implant’s topography to improve the bone restoration on critical areas, regarding the peri implant tissue stability, represented primarily by lower density bones. The aim of this study was to analyze the structural, immunohistochemical and repair parameters through the method of zirconia staining and acid etching with the addition of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (TEST group) in low density. For this, initially a structural characterization of the surface of treated discs was carried out by means of the TEST surface, and also of the STANDARD surface, that is, zirconia blasting and acid etching according to commercial standards, through scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM), profilometry, surface free energy and microhardness analysis. For the in vivo study, 22 Wistar rats were used, which were submitted to bilateral ovariectomy and after 90 days, implants were installed on both surfaces used in this study. To assess the effects of texturization on peri-implant repair, histology and immunohistochemistry analyzes were performed at 14 and 28 days after surgery, counter-torque at 28 days and histometry at 60 days. All quantitative data obtained were submitted to statistical analysis with a significance level of 0.05. The results of the surface characterization showed that the TEST group promoted changes in the surface morphology, with the formation of homogeneously distributed pores. The results of surface free energy, microhardness and roughness were similar between groups. Regarding the peri-implant repair, a higher counter-torque was observed for the TEST (p=0.030) and a tendency to present higher BIC and BAFO than the STANDARD group. Qualitative histological analysis found better bone maturation for the TEST group at 14 and 28 days and a satisfactory inflammatory profile for both groups. The results obtained in this study were very favorable and promising, encouraging further studies for future clinical application of the proposed texturing.
The medical-dental implants, made from titanium (Ticp) are constantly modified, mostly its topography, to obtain better physic-chemical and biological properties of the peri implant tissues. Therefore, the biggest challenge today is to develop a surface on the implant’s topography to improve the bone restoration on critical areas, regarding the peri implant tissue stability, represented primarily by lower density bones. The aim of this study was to analyze the structural, immunohistochemical and repair parameters through the method of zirconia staining and acid etching with the addition of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (TEST group) in low density. For this, initially a structural characterization of the surface of treated discs was carried out by means of the TEST surface, and also of the STANDARD surface, that is, zirconia blasting and acid etching according to commercial standards, through scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM), profilometry, surface free energy and microhardness analysis. For the in vivo study, 22 Wistar rats were used, which were submitted to bilateral ovariectomy and after 90 days, implants were installed on both surfaces used in this study. To assess the effects of texturization on peri-implant repair, histology and immunohistochemistry analyzes were performed at 14 and 28 days after surgery, counter-torque at 28 days and histometry at 60 days. All quantitative data obtained were submitted to statistical analysis with a significance level of 0.05. The results of the surface characterization showed that the TEST group promoted changes in the surface morphology, with the formation of homogeneously distributed pores. The results of surface free energy, microhardness and roughness were similar between groups. Regarding the peri-implant repair, a higher counter-torque was observed for the TEST (p=0.030) and a tendency to present higher BIC and BAFO than the STANDARD group. Qualitative histological analysis found better bone maturation for the TEST group at 14 and 28 days and a satisfactory inflammatory profile for both groups. The results obtained in this study were very favorable and promising, encouraging further studies for future clinical application of the proposed texturing.
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Palavras-chave
Regeneração óssea, Osseointegração, Hidroxiapatita, Hydroxyapatite