Dispersão da onda P em cães com doença valvar mitral e cardiomiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito
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Data
2017-07-25
Autores
Camacho, Rafael Rodrigues [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Estudos sobre a dispersão da onda P (Pdisp) têm sido usados em medicina com o objetivo de prever eventos arrítmicos, infartos e edema pulmonar. Estudos preliminares sobre Pd já realizados em cães com doença mixomatosa da válvula mitral (DMVM) demonstraram tratar-se de índice constante em cães normais, com aplicabilidade nos distúrbios de condução atrial em cães com valvulopatia mitral crônica ou com cardiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito (CAVD) em cães da raça Boxer. Em suma, a dispersão da onda P avalia, de forma simples, a ativação atrial e com isso pode detectar possíveis gatilhos arritmogênicos. Dessa forma, funciona como indicador da probabilidade de eventos ligados a qualquer arritmia atrial. Não obstante, é um método de baixo custo e não invasivo. Neste estudo, os objetivos incluíram avaliar a dispersão da onda P e verificar sua aplicabilidade como índice preditivo de distúrbios do ritmo cardíaco em cães com DMVM em diferentes classes de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva ou em cães da raça Boxer com CAVD, contribuindo assim com o estudo clínico das respectivas cardiopatias. Para tanto, foram selecionados cães saudáveis e com DMVM respectivamente, os quais passaram por exame físico e foram submetidos às avaliações ecocardiográfica, eletrocardiográfica e radiográfica. Outros dois grupos de cães da raça Boxer saudáveis e com CAVD foram selecionados e passaram pelas mesmas avaliações. A partir dos traçados eletrocardiográficos de 10 derivações, foram determinadas a dispersão da onda P e o índice de dispersão da onda P. Os resultados encontrados indicam alterações no que diz respeito a diferenciar cães saudáveis e doentes pela DMVM, corroborando a literatura que cita ser maior a probabilidade de arritmias em cães nas fases avançadas da referida afecção, da mesma forma, os resultados mostraram que cães com CAVD não apresentam aumentos tanto da dispersão como do índice da onda P que se relacionam com o agravamento ou a fase da enfermidade.
Studies on the dispersion of the P wave (Pd) have been used in medicine with the aim of predicting arrhythmic events, infarcts and pulmonary edema. Preliminary studies on Pd already performed in dogs with mitral valve myxomatous disease (DMVM) have been shown to be a constant index in normal dogs, with applicability in atrial conduction disorders in dogs with chronic mitral valvulopathy or right ventricular arrhythmogenic heart disease in dogs Of the Boxer breed (CAVD). In short, the dispersion of the P wave simply evaluates the atrial activation and with this can detect possible arrhythmogenic triggers. Thus, it acts as an indicator of the probability of events related to any atrial arrhythmia. Nevertheless, it is a low-cost, non-invasive method. In this study, the objectives were to evaluate the P wave dispersion and verify its applicability as predictive index of heart rhythm disorders in dogs with DMVM in different classes of congestive heart failure or in Boxer dogs with CAVD, thus contributing to the clinical study Of the respective cardiopathies. For this, healthy dogs and DMVM were selected, which were submitted to physical examination and were submitted to echocardiographic, electrocardiographic and radiographic evaluations. Two other groups of healthy Boxer dogs with CAVD were selected and underwent the same evaluations. From the 10-lead electrocardiographic tracings, the P-wave dispersion and the P-wave dispersion index were determined. The results indicate changes in differentiating healthy and diseased dogs by DMVM, corroborating the literature that claims to be larger The likelihood of arrhythmias in dogs in the advanced stages of this condition, likewise, the results showed that dogs with CMVD do not show increases in both the dispersion and the P wave index that relate to the aggravation or the phase of the disease.
Studies on the dispersion of the P wave (Pd) have been used in medicine with the aim of predicting arrhythmic events, infarcts and pulmonary edema. Preliminary studies on Pd already performed in dogs with mitral valve myxomatous disease (DMVM) have been shown to be a constant index in normal dogs, with applicability in atrial conduction disorders in dogs with chronic mitral valvulopathy or right ventricular arrhythmogenic heart disease in dogs Of the Boxer breed (CAVD). In short, the dispersion of the P wave simply evaluates the atrial activation and with this can detect possible arrhythmogenic triggers. Thus, it acts as an indicator of the probability of events related to any atrial arrhythmia. Nevertheless, it is a low-cost, non-invasive method. In this study, the objectives were to evaluate the P wave dispersion and verify its applicability as predictive index of heart rhythm disorders in dogs with DMVM in different classes of congestive heart failure or in Boxer dogs with CAVD, thus contributing to the clinical study Of the respective cardiopathies. For this, healthy dogs and DMVM were selected, which were submitted to physical examination and were submitted to echocardiographic, electrocardiographic and radiographic evaluations. Two other groups of healthy Boxer dogs with CAVD were selected and underwent the same evaluations. From the 10-lead electrocardiographic tracings, the P-wave dispersion and the P-wave dispersion index were determined. The results indicate changes in differentiating healthy and diseased dogs by DMVM, corroborating the literature that claims to be larger The likelihood of arrhythmias in dogs in the advanced stages of this condition, likewise, the results showed that dogs with CMVD do not show increases in both the dispersion and the P wave index that relate to the aggravation or the phase of the disease.
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Palavras-chave
Cardiopatia, Insuficiência cardíaca, Eletrocardiografia