Associação da prática de atividade física e comportamento sedentário em seus diferentes domínios com a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde – coorte de 2 anos
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Data
2021-12-22
Autores
Scarabottolo, Catarina Covolo
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Introdução: a atividade física, a qualidade de vida e o comportamento sedentário podem estar associados à saúde física e mental, sensação de bem estar, percepção de saúde além de desfechos como doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. O acompanhamento dessas associações ao longo do tempo pode nortear estratégias de promoção da saúde física e/ou mental da população. Objetivos: analisar as associações entre os domínios da atividade física e do comportamento sedentário com os domínios da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em adultos durante o período de dois anos de seguimento. Metodologia: a amostra foi composta por 331 participantes com média de idade de 59,6 ± 17,3 anos, selecionados em visitas domiciliares com aleatorização de logradouros de acordo com a região geográfica da cidade de Presidente Prudente – SP. A atividade física, a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e o comportamento sedentário foram avaliados por meio de questionários. As variáveis de caracterização da amostra foram apresentadas em mediana e intervalo interquartil. A correlação entre as variáveis foi analisada por meio da Regressão Linear ajustadas por sexo, idade, condição socioeconômica e pela atividade física no momento baseline. O nível de significância adotado foi de p-valor ≤ 0,05. Resultados: os resultados da presente Tese foram divididos em dois artigos científicos, de acordo com os objetivos da pesquisa. O artigo 1 identificou que a prática de atividade física no domínio ocupacional no período de dois anos foi inversamente relacionada à capacidade funcional (β = - 6,95 [IC 95%: -12.74; - 1.16]). A prática de atividade física por meio de esportes no tempo de lazer foi positivamente associada à vitalidade (β = 5.46 [IC 95%: 0.28; 10.64]) e à saúde mental (β = 15.57 [IC 95%: 7.19; 23.95]). O domínio de prática de atividade física no lazer e locomoção foi inversamente associado à capacidade funcional (β = - 6.19 [IC 95%: -11.19; -1.18]) e positivamente associado ao estado geral de saúde (β = 4.94 [IC 95%: 0.29; 9.58]), vitalidade (β = 4.65 [IC 95%: 0.73; 8.56]) e saúde mental (β = 8.42 [IC 95%: 1.99; 14.84]). A prática total de atividade física foi inversamente associada à capacidade funcional (β = -3.99 [IC 95%: -6.64; -1.36]) e positivamente associada com dor no corpo (β = 4.79 [IC 95%: 0.28; 9.30]), vitalidade (β = 2.84 [IC 95%: 0.73; 4.95]) e saúde mental (β = 5.76 [IC 95%: 2.30; 9.21]). O artigo 2 identificou que o comportamento sedentário no tempo gasto assistindo televisão no período de dois anos foi inversamente relacionado aos aspectos sociais (β = - 0,13 [IC 95%: -0,24; -0,002]) e positivamente relacionado a limitações emocionais (β = 0,006 [IC 95%: 0,001; 0,012]). O comportamento sedentário no tempo gasto utilizando computador foi positivamente associado aos domínios de limitação física (β = 0,005 [IC 95%: 0,001; 0,010]) e limitações emocionais (β = 0,007 [IC 95%: 0,001; 0,013]). O tempo utilizando celular foi positivamente associado limitação física (β = 0,006 [IC 95%: 0,002; 0,011]), limitações emocionais (β = 0,007 [IC 95%: 0,001; 0,012]) e negativamente associado ao estado geral de saúde (β = -0,015 [IC 95%: -0,027; -0,003]), e aos aspectos sociais (β = -0,014 [IC 95%: -0,028; -0,006]). O comportamento total (soma dos três domínios) foi positivamente associado aos domínios de limitação física (β = 0,006 [IC 95%: 0,002; 0,011]), limitações emocionais e negativamente associado com os domínios de estado geral da saúde (β = -0,034 [IC 95%: - 0,064; -0,006]) e aspectos sociais (β = -0,039 [IC 95%: -0,065; -0,014]). Conclusão: os resultados da presente tese reportaram que as associações tanto entre a prática de atividade física quanto o as associações do comportamento sedentário com a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde se comportam de maneira distinta quando as análises são feitas separadamente por domínios. Ademais, os resultados reportados podem auxiliar na direção de futuros estudos que explorem a atividade física e o comportamento sedentário em diferentes domínios para que possamos traçar conclusões mais consistentes sobre associação destas variáveis com a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde da população adulta.
Introduction: Physical activity, health-related quality of life and sedentary behavior are variables that can contribute or negatively affect factors related to both physical and mental health, such as non-communicable chronic diseases, some types of cancer, feeling of well-being - being and perception of health as a whole. The association of these variables over the years can guide strategies to promote the population's physical and/or mental health. Aims: To analyze the associations between the domains of physical activity and sedentary behavior with the domains of health-related quality of life in adults during the two-year follow-up period. Methodology: The sample consisted of 331 individuals with a mean age of 59.6 ± 17.3 years, selected in home visits through randomization of places according to the geographic region of the city of Presidente Prudente - SP. Physical activity, health-related quality of life and sedentary behavior were assessed using questionnaires. The variables for characterizing the sample were presented as median and interquartile range. The correlation between the variables was analyzed using Linear Regression adjusted for sex, age, socioeconomic status and physical activity at baseline. The significance level adopted was p-value ≤ 0.05. Results: The results of this Thesis were divided into two scientific articles, according to the research aims. Article 1 identified that the practice of physical activity in the occupational domain over a two-year period was inversely related to functional capacity (β = - 6.95 [CI 95%: -12.74; -1.16]). The practice of physical activity through sports during leisure time was positively associated with vitality (β = 5.46 [CI 95%: 0.28; 10.64]) and mental health (β = 15.57 [CI 95%: 7.19; 23.95]). The domain of physical activity practice during leisure and locomotion was inversely associated with functional capacity (β = -6.19 [CI 95%: -11.19; -1.18]) and positively associated with general health status (β = 4.94 [CI 95%: 0.29; 9.58]), vitality (β = 4.65 [CI 95%: 0.73; 8.56]) and mental health (β = 8.42 [CI 95%: 1.99; 14.84]). Total physical activity practice was inversely associated with functional capacity (β = -3.99 [95% CI: -6.64; -1.36]) and positively associated with body pain (β = 4.79 [95% CI: 0.28; 9.30]), vitality (β = 2.84 [CI 95%: 0.73; 4.95]) and mental health (β = 5.76 [CI 95%: 2.30; 9.21]). The article 2 identified that sedentary behavior in the time spent watching television over a two-year period was inversely related to social aspects (β = - 0.13 [CI 95%: -0.24; -0.002]) and positively related to limitations emotional (β = 0.006 [95% CI: 0.001; 0.012]). Sedentary behavior in the time spent using the computer was positively associated with the domains of physical limitation (β = 0.005 [95% CI: 0.001; 0.010]) and emotional limitations (β = 0.007 [95% CI: 0.001; 0.013]). Time using a cell phone was positively associated with physical limitation (β = 0.006 [95% CI: 0.002; 0.011]), emotional limitations (β = 0.007 [95% CI: 0.001; 0.012]) and negatively associated with general health status (β = -0.015 [CI 95%: -0.027; -0.003]), and to social aspects (β = -0.014 [CI 95%: -0.028; -0.006]). The total sedentary behavior (sum of the three domains) was positively associated with the physical limitation domains (β = 0.006 [95% CI: 0.002; 0.011]), emotional limitations and negatively associated with the general health domains (β = -0.034 [95% CI: -0.064; -0.006]) and social aspects (β = -0.039 [95% CI: -0.065; -0.014]). Conclusion: the results of this Thesis reported that the associations between both the practice of physical activity and the associations of sedentary behavior with health-related quality of life behave differently when the analyzes are performed separately by domains. Furthermore, the results reported may help direct future studies that explore physical activity and sedentary behavior in different domains so that we can draw more consistent conclusions about the association of these variables with the health-related quality of life of the adult population.
Introduction: Physical activity, health-related quality of life and sedentary behavior are variables that can contribute or negatively affect factors related to both physical and mental health, such as non-communicable chronic diseases, some types of cancer, feeling of well-being - being and perception of health as a whole. The association of these variables over the years can guide strategies to promote the population's physical and/or mental health. Aims: To analyze the associations between the domains of physical activity and sedentary behavior with the domains of health-related quality of life in adults during the two-year follow-up period. Methodology: The sample consisted of 331 individuals with a mean age of 59.6 ± 17.3 years, selected in home visits through randomization of places according to the geographic region of the city of Presidente Prudente - SP. Physical activity, health-related quality of life and sedentary behavior were assessed using questionnaires. The variables for characterizing the sample were presented as median and interquartile range. The correlation between the variables was analyzed using Linear Regression adjusted for sex, age, socioeconomic status and physical activity at baseline. The significance level adopted was p-value ≤ 0.05. Results: The results of this Thesis were divided into two scientific articles, according to the research aims. Article 1 identified that the practice of physical activity in the occupational domain over a two-year period was inversely related to functional capacity (β = - 6.95 [CI 95%: -12.74; -1.16]). The practice of physical activity through sports during leisure time was positively associated with vitality (β = 5.46 [CI 95%: 0.28; 10.64]) and mental health (β = 15.57 [CI 95%: 7.19; 23.95]). The domain of physical activity practice during leisure and locomotion was inversely associated with functional capacity (β = -6.19 [CI 95%: -11.19; -1.18]) and positively associated with general health status (β = 4.94 [CI 95%: 0.29; 9.58]), vitality (β = 4.65 [CI 95%: 0.73; 8.56]) and mental health (β = 8.42 [CI 95%: 1.99; 14.84]). Total physical activity practice was inversely associated with functional capacity (β = -3.99 [95% CI: -6.64; -1.36]) and positively associated with body pain (β = 4.79 [95% CI: 0.28; 9.30]), vitality (β = 2.84 [CI 95%: 0.73; 4.95]) and mental health (β = 5.76 [CI 95%: 2.30; 9.21]). The article 2 identified that sedentary behavior in the time spent watching television over a two-year period was inversely related to social aspects (β = - 0.13 [CI 95%: -0.24; -0.002]) and positively related to limitations emotional (β = 0.006 [95% CI: 0.001; 0.012]). Sedentary behavior in the time spent using the computer was positively associated with the domains of physical limitation (β = 0.005 [95% CI: 0.001; 0.010]) and emotional limitations (β = 0.007 [95% CI: 0.001; 0.013]). Time using a cell phone was positively associated with physical limitation (β = 0.006 [95% CI: 0.002; 0.011]), emotional limitations (β = 0.007 [95% CI: 0.001; 0.012]) and negatively associated with general health status (β = -0.015 [CI 95%: -0.027; -0.003]), and to social aspects (β = -0.014 [CI 95%: -0.028; -0.006]). The total sedentary behavior (sum of the three domains) was positively associated with the physical limitation domains (β = 0.006 [95% CI: 0.002; 0.011]), emotional limitations and negatively associated with the general health domains (β = -0.034 [95% CI: -0.064; -0.006]) and social aspects (β = -0.039 [95% CI: -0.065; -0.014]). Conclusion: the results of this Thesis reported that the associations between both the practice of physical activity and the associations of sedentary behavior with health-related quality of life behave differently when the analyzes are performed separately by domains. Furthermore, the results reported may help direct future studies that explore physical activity and sedentary behavior in different domains so that we can draw more consistent conclusions about the association of these variables with the health-related quality of life of the adult population.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Epidemiologia, Estilo de vida, Qualidade de vida, Sedentarismo, Adultos, Epidemiology, Lifestyle, Quality of life, Sedentary lifestyle, Adults