Virologia para além do ensino regular: compreendendo a importância dos vírus para a vida no planeta Terra
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Data
2022-01-12
Autores
Medeiros, Igor Valencio
Florio, Octavio Chioda
Campos, Ricardo Rodrigues Fernandes
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os vírus possuem características únicas e estão presentes em todos os ambientes do planeta Terra. São parasitas intracelulares obrigatórios e conseguem infectar todos os tipos de vida existentes no globo terrestre, o que gera consequências diretas tanto aos seus hospedeiros quanto ao meio ambiente. Com isso, são responsáveis por diversos fatores que permitem com que a vida na terra aconteça da forma como conhecemos: contribuem para o acontecimento dos ciclos biogeoquímicos; estão relacionados à ocorrência de determinadas espécies e ao molde populacional de alguns seres vivos. Em relação aos seres humanos, os vírus estão relacionados a diversos aspectos: são causadores de doenças graves; são utilizados no tratamento de doenças; são responsáveis por dar origem a características morfológicas dos seres humanos, como a placenta; têm potencial para mudar completamente a forma de viver do ser humano, como demonstrado pela Pandemia causada pelo SARS-CoV-2. Dessa maneira, estão relacionados a diversos aspectos importantes para a vida no planeta e para o ser humano, e é de extrema importância o seu estudo durante o ensino básico para a formação de cidadãos conscientes. Entretanto, durante o Ensino Fundamental I e II e o Ensino Médio, o tema sobre os vírus é pouco abordado em sala de aula e, no geral, é trabalhado de forma superficial, e abstrata. Sendo assim, em uma realidade em que o assunto sobre os vírus é abordado, no ensino regular básico, de maneira superficial, e abstrata, associado a uma Pandemia viral que se estende até os dias atuais, caracterizada pela ausência de conhecimento a respeito dos vírus e disseminação de informações falsas que dificultaram a condução de medidas de proteção da população, a proposta do presente trabalho foi abordar, de forma mais aprofundada e didática, conteúdos importantes relacionados aos vírus e a virologia para os alunos do Ensino Fundamental II, demonstrando e descrevendo as características biológicas assim como as diversas consequências, positivas e negativas, que infecções virais podem acarretar às distintas formas de vida presentes no planeta Terra.
Viruses have unique characteristics and are present in all environments on planet Earth. They are obligate intracellular parasites and can infect all types of life on the globe, which has direct consequences for both their hosts and the environment. As a result, they are responsible for several factors that allow life on earth to happen as we know it: they contribute to the occurrence of biogeochemical cycles; are related to the occurrence of certain species and the population pattern of some living beings. In relation to human beings, viruses are related to several aspects: they cause serious diseases; are used in the treatment of diseases; are responsible for giving rise to morphological characteristics of human beings, such as the placenta; have the potential to completely change the way of life of the human being, as demonstrated by the Pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. In this way, they are related to several important aspects for life on the planet and for human beings, and their study during basic education is extremely important for the formation of conscious citizens. However, during Elementary School I and II and High School, the topic about viruses is rarely addressed in the classroom and, in general, it is worked in a superficial and abstract way. Therefore, in a reality in which the subject of viruses is approached, in regular basic education, in a superficial and abstract way, associated with a viral pandemic that extends to the present day, characterized by the lack of knowledge about viruses and dissemination of false information that made it difficult to carry out measures to protect the population, the purpose of this work was to address, in a more in-depth and didactic way, important contents related to viruses and virology for elementary school students, demonstrating and describing the biological characteristics as well as the different consequences, positive and negative, that viral infections can cause to the different forms of life present on planet Earth.
Viruses have unique characteristics and are present in all environments on planet Earth. They are obligate intracellular parasites and can infect all types of life on the globe, which has direct consequences for both their hosts and the environment. As a result, they are responsible for several factors that allow life on earth to happen as we know it: they contribute to the occurrence of biogeochemical cycles; are related to the occurrence of certain species and the population pattern of some living beings. In relation to human beings, viruses are related to several aspects: they cause serious diseases; are used in the treatment of diseases; are responsible for giving rise to morphological characteristics of human beings, such as the placenta; have the potential to completely change the way of life of the human being, as demonstrated by the Pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. In this way, they are related to several important aspects for life on the planet and for human beings, and their study during basic education is extremely important for the formation of conscious citizens. However, during Elementary School I and II and High School, the topic about viruses is rarely addressed in the classroom and, in general, it is worked in a superficial and abstract way. Therefore, in a reality in which the subject of viruses is approached, in regular basic education, in a superficial and abstract way, associated with a viral pandemic that extends to the present day, characterized by the lack of knowledge about viruses and dissemination of false information that made it difficult to carry out measures to protect the population, the purpose of this work was to address, in a more in-depth and didactic way, important contents related to viruses and virology for elementary school students, demonstrating and describing the biological characteristics as well as the different consequences, positive and negative, that viral infections can cause to the different forms of life present on planet Earth.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Vírus, Virologia, Ensino fundamental, Virology, Basic education