Produção de celulose bacteriana utilizando substratos alternativos no meio de cultura
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Data
2021-12-06
Autores
Borro, Jéssyca de Araújo
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A celulose bacteriana (CB) é produzida por meio da biossíntese de microrganismos, como as bactérias Gluconacetobacter xylinus. A utilização e aproveitamento de resíduos agroindustriais, alimentícios, cervejeiros, produtos com potenciais propriedades terapêuticas e/ou medicinais inseridos em meios de cultura para a obtenção de CB se fazem crescentes na literatura. A vinhaça, um subproduto da fabricação do etanol, é composta por 93% de água e 7% de sólidos orgânicos e inorgânicos. A Aloe vera, conhecida popularmente como babosa, é caracterizada pelo alto teor de água, cerca de 99%, e os outros 1% de 75 compostos ativos diferentes. A vinhaça e a Aloe vera apresentam-se como potenciais substratos para a produção de CB reduzindo o custo de produção, minimizando os impactos ambientais e revertendo em benefícios nas necessidades humanas, como aplicações em tratamentos de queimaduras, entre outros. O objetivo do trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de membranas de CB produzidas a partir da bactéria Gluconacetobacter xylinus, em meios de cultura enriquecidos com vinhaça e Aloe vera. A análise de Espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (IR) possibilitou concluir que ocorreram alterações químicas nas estruturas da CB incorporadas com Aloe vera, presença de banda característica de interação com grupo amino e na incorporação com vinhaça, presença de banda característica de regiões cristalinas. Na análise de Difração de Raio – X(DRX), foi possível identificar incorporações com a presença de celulose I (CBV20, CBV40, CBV60, CBV80 e CBB80) e incorporações com a presença de celulose II (CBB20, CBB40 e CBB60). Mecanicamente, a incorporação CBB80 de Aloe vera demonstrou semelhança nos valores de módulo de elasticidade (MPa), tensão máxima (MPa) e alongamento (%), enquanto a incorporação com vinhaça, a CBV40 demonstrou semelhança nos valores de módulo de elasticidade (MPa), tensão máxima (MPa) e alongamento (%) quando comparadas às membranas CB (controle); morfologicamente, a incorporação CBB80 de Aloe vera demonstrou uma rede de microfibrilas com gel de Aloe vera e possivelmente aderidas à superfície. Os resultados mostraram o potencial uso de incorporações da vinhaça e Aloe vera como substratos alternativos, reduzindo os altos custos envolvidos na produção, a valorização do uso de resíduos agroindustriais e o potencial uso de plantas com compostos bioativos.
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is produced through the biosynthesis of microorganisms, such as the bacteria Gluconacetobacter xylinus. The use and utilization of agroindustrial, food, and brewery wastes, products with potential therapeutic and/or medicinal properties inserted in culture media to obtain CB are increasing in the literature. Vinasse, a byproduct of ethanol production, is composed of 93% water and 7% organic and inorganic solids, Aloe vera, popularly known as babosa, is characterized by high water content, about 99%, and the other 1% of 75 different active compounds, present themselves as potential substrates for the production of CB reducing production cost, minimizing environmental impacts and reverting into benefits in human needs, such as applications in burn treatments, among others. The objective of the work was to develop CB membranes produced from Gluconacetobacter xylinus bacteria, in culture media enriched with vinasse and Aloe vera. The IR analysis allowed the conclusion that chemical alterations occurred in the structures of the CB incorporated with Aloe vera, presence of a characteristic band of interaction with amino group and in the incorporation with vinasse, presence of a characteristic band of crystalline regions. In XRD analysis, it was possible to identify incorporations with the presence of cellulose I (CBV20, CBV40, CBV60, CBV80 and CBB80) and incorporations with the presence of cellulose II (CBB20, CBB40 and CBB60). Mechanically, the CBB80 incorporation of Aloe vera showed similarity in the values of modulus of elasticity (MPa), maximum stress (MPa) and elongation (%), while the incorporation with vinasse, CBV40 showed similarity in the values of modulus of elasticity (MPa), maximum stress (MPa) and elongation (%) when compared to CB (control) membranes; Morphologically, CBB80 Aloe vera incorporation demonstrated a network of microfibrils with Aloe vera gel and possibly adhered to the surface. The results showed the potential use of incorporations of vinasse and Aloe vera as alternative substrates, reducing the high costs involved in production, the valorization of the use of agroindustrial waste and the potential use of plants with bioactive compounds.
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is produced through the biosynthesis of microorganisms, such as the bacteria Gluconacetobacter xylinus. The use and utilization of agroindustrial, food, and brewery wastes, products with potential therapeutic and/or medicinal properties inserted in culture media to obtain CB are increasing in the literature. Vinasse, a byproduct of ethanol production, is composed of 93% water and 7% organic and inorganic solids, Aloe vera, popularly known as babosa, is characterized by high water content, about 99%, and the other 1% of 75 different active compounds, present themselves as potential substrates for the production of CB reducing production cost, minimizing environmental impacts and reverting into benefits in human needs, such as applications in burn treatments, among others. The objective of the work was to develop CB membranes produced from Gluconacetobacter xylinus bacteria, in culture media enriched with vinasse and Aloe vera. The IR analysis allowed the conclusion that chemical alterations occurred in the structures of the CB incorporated with Aloe vera, presence of a characteristic band of interaction with amino group and in the incorporation with vinasse, presence of a characteristic band of crystalline regions. In XRD analysis, it was possible to identify incorporations with the presence of cellulose I (CBV20, CBV40, CBV60, CBV80 and CBB80) and incorporations with the presence of cellulose II (CBB20, CBB40 and CBB60). Mechanically, the CBB80 incorporation of Aloe vera showed similarity in the values of modulus of elasticity (MPa), maximum stress (MPa) and elongation (%), while the incorporation with vinasse, CBV40 showed similarity in the values of modulus of elasticity (MPa), maximum stress (MPa) and elongation (%) when compared to CB (control) membranes; Morphologically, CBB80 Aloe vera incorporation demonstrated a network of microfibrils with Aloe vera gel and possibly adhered to the surface. The results showed the potential use of incorporations of vinasse and Aloe vera as alternative substrates, reducing the high costs involved in production, the valorization of the use of agroindustrial waste and the potential use of plants with bioactive compounds.
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Palavras-chave
celulose bacteriana, Gluconacetobacter xylinus, substratos alternativos, vinhaça, Aloe vera, bacterial celulose, alternative substrates, vinasse