Influência de jogos eletrônicos na tomada de decisão e coordenação motora fina em crianças
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Data
2022-01-12
Autores
Cristofoletti, Diego Virgílio
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Como é observado nos dias atuais, os jovens cada vez mais possuem uma rotina voltada a tecnologias (jogos eletrônicos e videogames). Essas atividades envolvem tomadas de decisões com frequência e em curto intervalo de tempo. Ainda, envolve movimentos manuais com desenvoltura. Certamente, toda essa exposição provoca alterações no desenvolvimento de habilidades específicas, porém que ainda necessitam ser melhores entendidas. Portando, o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o desempenho na tomada de decisão e na coordenação manual de crianças praticantes de jogos eletrônicos e crianças não praticantes de jogos eletrônicos. Para tanto, participaram do estudo 10 crianças (6 meninas e 4 meninos, idade média de 10,6 anos) com experiência em videogames pelo menos 10 horas semanais e 10 crianças (5 meninas e 5 meninos, idade média de 10,9 anos). As crianças realizaram um teste de tempo de reação de escolha, com quatro círculos aparecendo em um monitor sendo que apenas um será iluminado, é quando a criança pressionou o botão correspondente o mais rápido possível. Três condições experimentais foram criadas: sem qualquer dica implícita e com dica implícita congruente e incongruente. A dica implícita congruente consistiu na apresentação de um ponto preto, durante 43 ms e 86 ms antes, da iluminação no círculo. Na dica incongruente, o aparecimento do ponto preto ocorreu em qualquer um dos círculos diferentes daquele que seria iluminado. Cada condição foi repetida 12 vezes, totalizando 36 tentativas. O tempo de resposta, correspondendo entre o acendimento do círculo e o pressionar do botão, e se a resposta foi correta os dados foram armazenados pelo sistema. As crianças também realizaram um teste de coordenação motora fina, o teste dos 9 pinos, que é realizado em um tabuleiro dividido em duas partes, onde em uma há uma concavidade com 9 pinos e, na outra parte, 9 buracos com a espessura para que os pinos sejam encaixados. O tempo necessário para que os pinos sejam colocados e retirados foi cronometrado e as crianças realizaram o teste com a mão dominante e não dominante, 3 vezes com cada mão, totalizando 6 tentativas. Crianças com experiência com jogos eletrônicos apresentaram tempo de resposta de escolha menor que crianças sem experiências com jogos eletrônicos. Crianças de ambos os grupos reduziram o tempo de resposta na condição de dica implícita congruente. Crianças com experiência com jogos eletrônicos realizaram o teste dos 9 pinos com menor tempo do que crianças sem experiência com jogos eletrônicos. Ainda, crianças com experiência com jogos eletrônicos apresentaram desempenho similar com a mão dominante e não dominante, enquanto que crianças sem experiência com jogos eletrônicos apresentaram desempenho inferior com a mão não dominante do que com a mão dominante. Com base nestes resultados, conclui-se que crianças com experiência em jogos eletrônicos apresentam desempenho melhor na tomada de decisão e de coordenação motora manual do que crianças sem experiência com jogos eletrônicos.
As observed nowadays, young people increasingly have a routine focused on technologies (electronic games and video games). These activities involve making decisions frequently and in a short period of time. Still, it involves manual movements with ease. Certainly, all this exposure causes changes in the development of specific skills, which still need to be better understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the performance in decision making and manual coordination of children who play electronic games and children who do not play electronic games. For that, 10 children (6 girls and 4 boys, mean age 10.6 years) participated in the study, with experience in video games at least 10 hours per week and 10 children (5 girls and 5 boys, mean age 10.9 years). The children performed a choice reaction time test, with four circles appearing on a monitor, only one of which will be illuminated, this is when the child pressed the corresponding button as quickly as possible. Three experimental conditions were created: without any implicit cue and with congruent and incongruent implicit cue. The congruent implicit cue consisted of the presentation of a black dot, during 43 ms and 86 ms before the illumination on the circle. In the incongruous tip, the appearance of the black dot occurred in any of the circles other than the one that would be illuminated. Each condition was repeated 12 times, totaling 36 trials. The response time, corresponding between lighting the circle and pressing the button, and if the response was correct, the data was stored by the system. The children also performed a test of fine motor coordination, the 9-pin test, which is performed on a board divided into two parts, where in one there is a concavity with 9 pegs and, in the other part, 9 holes with the thickness so that the pins are fitted. The time required for the pins to be placed and removed was timed and the children performed the test with the dominant and non-dominant hand, 3 times with each hand, totaling 6 attempts. Children with experience with electronic games had a shorter choice response time than children without experience with electronic games. Children in both groups had reduced response time in the congruent implicit cue condition. Children with experience with video games performed the 9-pin test in a shorter time than children without experience with video games. Also, children with experience with electronic games showed similar performance with the dominant and non-dominant hand, while children without experience with electronic games showed lower performance with the non-dominant hand than with the dominant hand. Based on these results, it is concluded that children with experience in electronic games present better performance in decision making and hand motor coordination than children with no experience with electronic games.
As observed nowadays, young people increasingly have a routine focused on technologies (electronic games and video games). These activities involve making decisions frequently and in a short period of time. Still, it involves manual movements with ease. Certainly, all this exposure causes changes in the development of specific skills, which still need to be better understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the performance in decision making and manual coordination of children who play electronic games and children who do not play electronic games. For that, 10 children (6 girls and 4 boys, mean age 10.6 years) participated in the study, with experience in video games at least 10 hours per week and 10 children (5 girls and 5 boys, mean age 10.9 years). The children performed a choice reaction time test, with four circles appearing on a monitor, only one of which will be illuminated, this is when the child pressed the corresponding button as quickly as possible. Three experimental conditions were created: without any implicit cue and with congruent and incongruent implicit cue. The congruent implicit cue consisted of the presentation of a black dot, during 43 ms and 86 ms before the illumination on the circle. In the incongruous tip, the appearance of the black dot occurred in any of the circles other than the one that would be illuminated. Each condition was repeated 12 times, totaling 36 trials. The response time, corresponding between lighting the circle and pressing the button, and if the response was correct, the data was stored by the system. The children also performed a test of fine motor coordination, the 9-pin test, which is performed on a board divided into two parts, where in one there is a concavity with 9 pegs and, in the other part, 9 holes with the thickness so that the pins are fitted. The time required for the pins to be placed and removed was timed and the children performed the test with the dominant and non-dominant hand, 3 times with each hand, totaling 6 attempts. Children with experience with electronic games had a shorter choice response time than children without experience with electronic games. Children in both groups had reduced response time in the congruent implicit cue condition. Children with experience with video games performed the 9-pin test in a shorter time than children without experience with video games. Also, children with experience with electronic games showed similar performance with the dominant and non-dominant hand, while children without experience with electronic games showed lower performance with the non-dominant hand than with the dominant hand. Based on these results, it is concluded that children with experience in electronic games present better performance in decision making and hand motor coordination than children with no experience with electronic games.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Jogos eletrônicos, Tempo de reação, Coordenação motora fina, Eletronic games, Reaction time