Avaliação da vitalidade neonatal em felinos domésticos de acordo com o tipo de parto
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Data
2022-01-31
Autores
Hibaru, Viviane Yukari
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A avaliação da vitalidade neonatal consiste na utilização do sistema de pontuação de Apgar modificado (mucosas, frequência cardíaca e respiratória, irritabilidade reflexa, tônus muscular), acrescido de reflexos neonatais (sucção, procura e endireitamento) e demais parâmetros clínicos como temperatura, peso, glicemia e saturação periférica de oxigênio. Há diversos estudos de vitalidade em cães, porém escassos estudos em gatos neonatos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo padronizar o escore Apgar e reflexos neonatais em felinos domésticos nascidos por cesariana emergencial e parto eutócico. Assim, o estudo visou determinar o possível uso dos parâmetros neonatais ao nascimento para diagnosticar precocemente neonatos em risco, melhorar a assistência médica, proporcionando uma conduta clínica adequada no pós-parto imediato, e com isso impactar na redução na taxa de mortalidade de gatos recém-nascidos. Foram avaliados 32 neonatos, sendo 19 animais no Grupo Eutócico (GE) e 13 animais do Grupo Cesariana (GC). Os animais foram avaliados ao nascimento, 10 minutos e 60 minutos após. Na comparação entre os grupos, o GC apresentou significativamente baixo escore de modificado de Apgar (p<0,0001) e menor saturação de oxigênio periférico SpO2 (p=0,0535) (ao nascimento), reflexos reduzidos (p<0,0001), menor frequência respiratória (p<0,0001) (ao nascimento, 10 minutos e 60 minutos) e maior glicemia (p=0,0009) (ao nascimento) em relação ao GE. O estudo demonstrou baixa vitalidade em gatos nascidos por cesariana em comparação aos oriundos de parto eutócico. As avaliações realizadas neste estudo permitiram identificar recém-nascidos com baixa vitalidade e em emergência, propriciando intervenção clínica imediata. Além disso, permitiu salientar as diferenças dos parâmetros clínicos ao nascimento na espécie felina em comparação a canina. É essencial que a avaliação clínica específica para o recém-nascido felino seja realizada. A assistência imediata ao nascimento aumenta a chance de sobrevivência destes pacientes.
The assessment of neonatal vitality consists of using the modified Apgar scoring system (mucosa, heart and respiratory rate, reflex irritability, muscle tone), plus neonatal reflexes (sucking, seeking and straightening) and other clinical parameters such as temperature, weight, blood glucose and peripheral oxygen saturation. There are several studies of vitality in dogs, but few studies in newborn cats so far. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare these clinical parameters in domestic cats born by emergency cesarean and eutocic delivery. Thus, the study aimed to determine the possible use of neonatal parameters at birth to diagnose newborns at risk early, improve medical care, providing an adequate clinical management in the immediate postpartum period, and with this impact on the reduction in the mortality rate of newborn cats. -born. Thirty-two neonates were evaluated, 19 animals in the Eutocic Group (EG) and 13 animals in the Cesarean Group (CG). The animals were evaluated at birth, 10 minutes and 60 minutes later. When comparing the groups, the CG had a significantly low modified Apgar score (p<0.0001) and low SpO2 (p=0.0535) (at birth), reduced reflexes (p<0.0001), lower frequency respiratory (p<0.0001) (at birth, 10 minutes and 60 minutes) and higher blood glucose (p=0.0009) (at birth) compared to EG. The study demonstrated low vitality in cats born by caesarean compared to those born through eutocic delivery. The evaluations carried out in this study allowed the identification of newborns with low vitality and in emergency, thus, the immediate intervention could be carried out. Furthermore, it is important to highlight the differences in clinical parameters at birth of the feline species compared to the canine species. It is essential that the clinical assessment specific to the feline newborn is carried out. Immediate birth assistance increases the chance of survival for these patients.
The assessment of neonatal vitality consists of using the modified Apgar scoring system (mucosa, heart and respiratory rate, reflex irritability, muscle tone), plus neonatal reflexes (sucking, seeking and straightening) and other clinical parameters such as temperature, weight, blood glucose and peripheral oxygen saturation. There are several studies of vitality in dogs, but few studies in newborn cats so far. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare these clinical parameters in domestic cats born by emergency cesarean and eutocic delivery. Thus, the study aimed to determine the possible use of neonatal parameters at birth to diagnose newborns at risk early, improve medical care, providing an adequate clinical management in the immediate postpartum period, and with this impact on the reduction in the mortality rate of newborn cats. -born. Thirty-two neonates were evaluated, 19 animals in the Eutocic Group (EG) and 13 animals in the Cesarean Group (CG). The animals were evaluated at birth, 10 minutes and 60 minutes later. When comparing the groups, the CG had a significantly low modified Apgar score (p<0.0001) and low SpO2 (p=0.0535) (at birth), reduced reflexes (p<0.0001), lower frequency respiratory (p<0.0001) (at birth, 10 minutes and 60 minutes) and higher blood glucose (p=0.0009) (at birth) compared to EG. The study demonstrated low vitality in cats born by caesarean compared to those born through eutocic delivery. The evaluations carried out in this study allowed the identification of newborns with low vitality and in emergency, thus, the immediate intervention could be carried out. Furthermore, it is important to highlight the differences in clinical parameters at birth of the feline species compared to the canine species. It is essential that the clinical assessment specific to the feline newborn is carried out. Immediate birth assistance increases the chance of survival for these patients.
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Palavras-chave
Felinos, Neonatos felinos, Eutocia, Distocia, Neonatologia, Felines, Feline neonates, Eutocia, Dystocia, Neonatology