Estudo da associação de mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae) x arbovírus via técnicas de análise topológica de dados
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Data
2022-01-07
Autores
Neves, Lais Fernanda Serra
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os vírus que dependem de artrópodes hematófagos como vetores para chegar a seus hospedeiros vertebrados, são conhecidos como “arbovírus” (ARthropod BOrne VIRUS). Em termos de saúde pública, muitas arboviroses têm se destacado nos últimos anos pelo expressivo número de casos em humanos (como dengue, zika, Chikungunya, febre amarela, entre outras) e geralmente envolvem espécies de culicídeos como vetores. Apesar de muitos estudos terem sido realizados envolvendo vários aspectos epidemiológicos dessas doenças causadas por arbovírus e transmitidas por mosquitos, ainda não se tem uma visão muito clara de que outras arboviroses podem potencialmente ser veiculadas por mosquitos (e por quais grupos desses dípteros). Por este motivo, o presente projeto objetiva conhecer melhor as associações entre arbovírus e mosquitos, utilizando técnicas de Análise Topológica de Dados (TDA) para investigar dados obtidos a partir do Catálogo Internacional de Arboviroses, disponível online. Os resultados foram expressos em Dendrogramas, que foram analisados e discutidos. Averiguou-se nesse trabalho que mosquitos adaptados à meios urbanos tem maior potencial viral; os arbovírus também tem se tornado mais adaptados a ambientes urbanos e ao homem; mosquitos conseguem encontrar condições apropriadas de ciclo de vida e alimentação para se manter nas grandes cidades; a microbiota intestinal mais ricas e abundantes em mosquitos influenciam na infecção e transmissão de arbovírus; arbovírus mais conhecidos estão relacionados com as espécies de mosquitos mais bem exploradas, enquanto que outros permanecem na penumbra do conhecimento.
Viruses that rely on hematophagous arthropods as vectors to reach their vertebrate hosts are known as “arboviruses” (ARthropod BOrne VIRUS). In terms of public health, many arboviruses have stood out in recent years due to the significant number of cases in humans (such as dengue, zika, chikungunya, yellow fever, among others) and generally involve species of Culicidae as vectors. Although many studies have been carried out involving various epidemiological aspects of these diseases caused by arboviruses and transmitted by mosquitoes, it is still not very clear which other arboviruses can potentially be transmitted by mosquitoes (and by which groups these dipterans). For this reason, this project aims to better understand the associations between arboviruses and mosquitoes, using Topological Data Analysis (TDA) techniques to investigate data obtained from the International Catalog of Arboviruses, available online. The results were expressed in Dendrograms, which were propagated and discussed. It was found in this work that mosquitoes adapted to urban environments have greater viral potential; arboviruses have also become more adapted to urban environments and humans; mosquitoes can find appropriate life cycle and feeding conditions to sustain themselves in large cities; Richer and more abundant intestinal microbiota in mosquitoes influence arbovirus infection and transmission; The best known arboviruses are related to the best-explored mosquito species, while others remain in the shadows of knowledge.
Viruses that rely on hematophagous arthropods as vectors to reach their vertebrate hosts are known as “arboviruses” (ARthropod BOrne VIRUS). In terms of public health, many arboviruses have stood out in recent years due to the significant number of cases in humans (such as dengue, zika, chikungunya, yellow fever, among others) and generally involve species of Culicidae as vectors. Although many studies have been carried out involving various epidemiological aspects of these diseases caused by arboviruses and transmitted by mosquitoes, it is still not very clear which other arboviruses can potentially be transmitted by mosquitoes (and by which groups these dipterans). For this reason, this project aims to better understand the associations between arboviruses and mosquitoes, using Topological Data Analysis (TDA) techniques to investigate data obtained from the International Catalog of Arboviruses, available online. The results were expressed in Dendrograms, which were propagated and discussed. It was found in this work that mosquitoes adapted to urban environments have greater viral potential; arboviruses have also become more adapted to urban environments and humans; mosquitoes can find appropriate life cycle and feeding conditions to sustain themselves in large cities; Richer and more abundant intestinal microbiota in mosquitoes influence arbovirus infection and transmission; The best known arboviruses are related to the best-explored mosquito species, while others remain in the shadows of knowledge.
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Palavras-chave
Biologia matemática, Mosquitos, Arbovírus, Análise topológica de dados, Fatores epidemiológicos, Mosquitoes, Arboviruses, Epidemiological factors, Data analysis, Topological methods