No território do maravilhoso: aproximações e distanciamentos entre os contos de fadas e a trilogia “Jogos vorazes”, de Suzanne Collins
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Data
2022-02-03
Autores
Morais, Guilherme Augusto Louzada Ferreira de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Nesta tese de doutorado, estudamos a trilogia de ficção científica “Jogos vorazes”, de Suzanne Collins, de modo a comprovar a hipótese de que há pontos de contato entre os romances da série e os contos de fadas clássicos. Nosso estudo, que se desenvolve dentro de uma abordagem metodológica fenomenológico-hermenêutica, busca elucidar, por meio de comparações, as aproximações e os distanciamentos entre a obra de Collins e os contos de fadas da tradição, tendo em vista três níveis de interpretação: i) embora romance e conto sejam tipos de prosa diferentes, objetivamos evidenciar a existência de uma aproximação quanto às funções dos personagens (cf. PROPP, 2010), uma vez que os romances de ficção científica aqui analisados e os contos de magia pertencem ao que Marinho (2009) compreende por poéticas do maravilhoso; ii) partindo da ideia de que a intertextualidade, para Samoyault (2008), é a memória que a literatura tem de si mesma, buscamos demonstrar como a trilogia dialoga com “João e Maria”, dos irmãos Grimm, e com as constantes do próprio gênero contos de fadas, recuperando e atualizando, por exemplo, o conceito de ética maniqueísta; iii) por fim, pretendemos evidenciar que a trilogia configura uma leitura revisionista dos contos de magia (cf. MARTINS, 2006; 2015; 2016), apresentando-nos uma ressignificação das figuras femininas (e masculinas) dessas histórias. Enfim, nosso objetivo é examinar como “Jogos vorazes” retorna aos contos de fadas, atualizando-os para o leitor contemporâneo, e quais significados isso acrescenta à interpretação dos romances para comprovar que a trilogia pertence às poéticas do maravilhoso não apenas por apresentar os aspectos formais desse gênero, mas também por dialogar intertextualmente com “João e Maria” e com as constantes dos contos e por ressignificar as personagens femininas tal como encontradas nessas histórias, dando tons feministas ao enredo da série.
This doctorate thesis examines the science fiction trilogy “The Hunger Games”, by Suzanne Collins, addressing the hypothesis that there are contact points between the novels from this series and classic fairy tales. Following a phenomenological hermeneutical approach, the present study aims at elucidating, by means of comparison, the similarities and differences between Collins’ work and traditional fairy tales, regarding three levels of interpretation: i) although novels and short stories configure different types of prose, since both science fiction novels and tales of magic belong to what Marinho (2009) understands as poetics of the marvelous, a comparison can be made regarding characters functions (cf. PROPP, 2010); ii) based on Samoyault (2008)’s idea that intertextuality is literature’s memory of itself, at this level of interpretation, the analysis concerns how the trilogy presents an intertextual dialogue with Brothers Grimm’s “Hansel and Gretel” and, more broadly, with the tropes of fairy tales, recovering and updating, for example, the concept of Manichaean Ethics; iii) lastly, the trilogy may be viewed as a revisionist interpretation of tales of magic (cf. MARTINS, 2006; 2015; 2016), resignifying female (and male) characters from such stories. Thus, the objective of this thesis is to analyze how “The Hunger Games” returns to fairy tales, updating them for the contemporary reader, and what meanings this adds to the interpretation of the novels to prove that the trilogy belongs to the poetics of the marvelous, not only by presenting the formal aspects of this genre, but also for its intertextual dialogue with “Hansel and Gretel” and with the tropes of fairy tales, and by resignifying its female characters, adding feminist tones to the series.
This doctorate thesis examines the science fiction trilogy “The Hunger Games”, by Suzanne Collins, addressing the hypothesis that there are contact points between the novels from this series and classic fairy tales. Following a phenomenological hermeneutical approach, the present study aims at elucidating, by means of comparison, the similarities and differences between Collins’ work and traditional fairy tales, regarding three levels of interpretation: i) although novels and short stories configure different types of prose, since both science fiction novels and tales of magic belong to what Marinho (2009) understands as poetics of the marvelous, a comparison can be made regarding characters functions (cf. PROPP, 2010); ii) based on Samoyault (2008)’s idea that intertextuality is literature’s memory of itself, at this level of interpretation, the analysis concerns how the trilogy presents an intertextual dialogue with Brothers Grimm’s “Hansel and Gretel” and, more broadly, with the tropes of fairy tales, recovering and updating, for example, the concept of Manichaean Ethics; iii) lastly, the trilogy may be viewed as a revisionist interpretation of tales of magic (cf. MARTINS, 2006; 2015; 2016), resignifying female (and male) characters from such stories. Thus, the objective of this thesis is to analyze how “The Hunger Games” returns to fairy tales, updating them for the contemporary reader, and what meanings this adds to the interpretation of the novels to prove that the trilogy belongs to the poetics of the marvelous, not only by presenting the formal aspects of this genre, but also for its intertextual dialogue with “Hansel and Gretel” and with the tropes of fairy tales, and by resignifying its female characters, adding feminist tones to the series.
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Palavras-chave
Jogos vorazes, Literatura Norte-Americana, Maravilhoso, Contos de fadas, Diálogos intertextuais, The Hunger Games, North American Literature, Marvelous, Fairy tales, Intertextual dialogue