Efeitos do treinamento resistido combinado à dieta isocalórica na composição corporal: influência da idade e sexo
Carregando...
Data
2022-01-06
Autores
Zuquieri, Lucas Bertoluci [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Estudos recentes têm demonstrado a eficácia do treinamento resistido (TR) para o controle do peso corporal, bem como para o aumento e/ou manutenção da massa magra entre indivíduos obesos. No entanto, não se sabe ao certo se a idade e o sexo podem influenciar nas respostas da força muscular e composição corporal de indivíduos inseridos em um mesmo protocolo de treinamento e controle alimentar. O presente estudo teve por objetivo comparar as respostas das variáveis força muscular e composição corporal face à intervenção TR, associado à dieta isocalórica, entre indivíduos de diferentes faixas etárias e sexo. Foram selecionados seis homens e cinco mulheres não treinados, entre 21 e 65 anos, que realizaram três sessões semanais de TR em circuito e controle dietético por 16 semanas. A absorciometria de raios-X de dupla energia (DEXA) e o teste de 12-15 repetições máximas (RM) assessaram respectivamente a composição corporal e força muscular, entre o pré e o pós teste. Análise de variância de dois fatores (ANOVAs two-ways) foi usada para determinar as diferenças entre o momento (pré e pós- intervenção), testando as variáveis sexo e idade como co-fatores. Para as comparações múltiplas empregou-se o teste de Bonferroni. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em p ≤ 0,05. Todos os grupos apresentaram aumento de massa magra e diminuição de massa gorda, bem como aumento da força muscular. As comparações multiplas não revelaram diferenças significativas para a massa magra e a massa gorda entre os grupos (p >0,05), no entanto a força muscular no leg press horizontal foi maior nos individuos mais velhos no pré (55,0 ± 16,9kg vs. 33,0 ± 5,7kg) e pós teste (73,0 ± 18,2kg vs. 46,0 ± 7,4kg) (p < 0,05). Pode ser dizer que uma intervenção com TR prescrito em circuito, associado à dieta isocalórica, é eficaz para melhorar a composição corporal e aumentar a força muscular de individuos de diferentes sexos e faixas etárias.
Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of resistance training (RT) for body weight control, as well as for the increase and/or maintenance of lean mass among obese individuals. However, it is not known for sure whether age and sex can influence the responses of muscle strength and body composition of individuals included in the same training protocol and food control. The present study aimed to compare the responses of the variables muscle strength and body composition to the RT intervention, associated with an isocaloric diet, among individuals of different age groups and sex. Six untrained men and five women were selected, between 21 and 65 years old, who performed three weekly sessions of circuit RT and dietary control for 16 weeks. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and the 12-15 repetition maximum (RM) test evaluated body composition and muscle strength, respectively, between pre and post test. Two-way analysis of variance (two-way ANOVAs) was used to determine differences between time points (pre- and post-intervention), testing the variables sex and age as cofactors. For multiple comparisons, the Bonferroni test was used. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. All groups showed an increase in lean mass and a decrease in fat mass, as well as an increase in muscle strength. Multiple comparisons did not reveal significant differences for lean mass and fat mass between groups (p >0.05), however muscle strength in the horizontal leg press was greater in older individuals in the pre (55.0 ± 16, 9kg vs. 33.0 ± 5.7kg) and post test (73.0 ± 18.2kg vs. 46.0 ± 7.4kg) (p < 0.05). It can be said that an intervention with RT prescribed in circuit, associated with an isocaloric diet, is effective to improve body composition and increase muscle strength in individuals of different sexes and age groups.
Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of resistance training (RT) for body weight control, as well as for the increase and/or maintenance of lean mass among obese individuals. However, it is not known for sure whether age and sex can influence the responses of muscle strength and body composition of individuals included in the same training protocol and food control. The present study aimed to compare the responses of the variables muscle strength and body composition to the RT intervention, associated with an isocaloric diet, among individuals of different age groups and sex. Six untrained men and five women were selected, between 21 and 65 years old, who performed three weekly sessions of circuit RT and dietary control for 16 weeks. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and the 12-15 repetition maximum (RM) test evaluated body composition and muscle strength, respectively, between pre and post test. Two-way analysis of variance (two-way ANOVAs) was used to determine differences between time points (pre- and post-intervention), testing the variables sex and age as cofactors. For multiple comparisons, the Bonferroni test was used. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. All groups showed an increase in lean mass and a decrease in fat mass, as well as an increase in muscle strength. Multiple comparisons did not reveal significant differences for lean mass and fat mass between groups (p >0.05), however muscle strength in the horizontal leg press was greater in older individuals in the pre (55.0 ± 16, 9kg vs. 33.0 ± 5.7kg) and post test (73.0 ± 18.2kg vs. 46.0 ± 7.4kg) (p < 0.05). It can be said that an intervention with RT prescribed in circuit, associated with an isocaloric diet, is effective to improve body composition and increase muscle strength in individuals of different sexes and age groups.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Obesidade, Composição corporal, Treinamento resistido, Dieta, Obesity, Body composition, Resistance training, Diet