Characterization of the microbial community and pattern of ruminal fermentation of Angus and Nellore cattle during adaptation to diets with high energy content with different nutritional strategies
Data
2022-01-25
Autores
Pinto, Ana Carolina Janssen [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes estratégias nutricionais durante o período de adaptação e terminação sobre a fermentação ruminal e comunidade microbiana ruminal de bovinos Angus e Nelore canulados confinados. Foram utilizados 4 bovinos da raça Nelore e 4 bovinos da raça Angus, castrados, com peso vivo inicial aproximado de 450 kg e canulados no rúmen, os quais foram divididos em dois quadrados latinos 4 x 4 contemporâneos, sendo que cada quadrado foi composto por animais de mesma raça. Os períodos foram divididos em: 14 dias de dieta de adaptação (5 dias de adaptação 1- 65% de concentrado, 4 dias de adaptação 2- 70% de concentrado e 5 dias de adaptação 3- 75% de concentrado) e 18 dias de dieta de terminação (80% de concentrado). As dietas fornecidas diferenciavam apenas no tocante ao processamento dos grãos de milho e pela presença ou não monensina sódica. Portanto, os tratamentos ocorreram da seguinte maneira: MF(+)- Milho moído fino + monensina (27ppm); MF(-)- Milho moído fino MU(+)- Milho grão úmido + monensina (27ppm) e MU(-)- Milho grão úmido. A duração deste estudo foi de 158 dias, sendo compostos por 4 períodos experimentais (32 dias cada período) e três intervalos de washout (7 dias) entre os períodos 1 e 2, 2 e 3 e 3 e 4. Os Angus tiveram maior IMS nos dias 12 e 16 quando comparado aos Nelores (P=0.02). Os Angus também tiveram o pH médio menor e maior temperatura ruminal que a raça Nelore. Os animais Nelore tiveram maior diversidade Shannon que os Angus (P=0.007). Além disso, a raça Nelore teve uma maior comunidade dos microrganismos Butyrivibrio, Clostridiales e Prevotella(P<0.01) que o Angus. Durante a transição da dieta de adaptação para a de terminação, os animais Angus tiveram um padrão da fermentação ruminal e a comunidade bacteriana diferentes dos animais da raça Nelore.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different nutritional strategies during the adaptation and finishing period on ruminal fermentation patterns and microbial community of cannulated Angus and Nellore cattle. Four 30-mo-old Nellore and four 30-mo-old Angus steers were used, with an initial body weight of approximately 450 kg which was divided into two 4 x 4 Latin squares. Each square was composed of animals of the same breed. The periods were divided as follows: 14 days of adaptation diet (5 days of adaptation 1 - 65% concentrate, four adaptation days; 2 - 70% concentrate and five adaptation days; 3 - 75% concentrate) and 18 days of finishing diet (80% concentrate). The diets provided differed only concerning the corn grain processing method and the presence or absence of sodium monensin. The treatments were as follows: FG(+)- Finely ground corn + monensin (27ppm); FG(-)- Finely ground corn HM(+)- High moisture corn + monensin (27ppm) HM(-)-High moisture corn. The study lasted 158 days, in which animals were submitted to four experimental periods (32 days each one) and three washout intervals (7 days) between periods 1 and 2, 2 and 3, and 3 and 4. Angus had higher consumption on days 12 and 16 when compared to Nellore (P=0.02). Angus cattle the lowest pH and the higher ruminal temperatures. Nellore breed had higher Shannon diversity than(P=0.007). Nellore showed a higher community of Butyrivibrio, Clostridiales and Prevotella(P<0.01) than Angus. During the transition period ruminal fermentation pattern and bacteria community are different for Angus than Nellore cattle.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different nutritional strategies during the adaptation and finishing period on ruminal fermentation patterns and microbial community of cannulated Angus and Nellore cattle. Four 30-mo-old Nellore and four 30-mo-old Angus steers were used, with an initial body weight of approximately 450 kg which was divided into two 4 x 4 Latin squares. Each square was composed of animals of the same breed. The periods were divided as follows: 14 days of adaptation diet (5 days of adaptation 1 - 65% concentrate, four adaptation days; 2 - 70% concentrate and five adaptation days; 3 - 75% concentrate) and 18 days of finishing diet (80% concentrate). The diets provided differed only concerning the corn grain processing method and the presence or absence of sodium monensin. The treatments were as follows: FG(+)- Finely ground corn + monensin (27ppm); FG(-)- Finely ground corn HM(+)- High moisture corn + monensin (27ppm) HM(-)-High moisture corn. The study lasted 158 days, in which animals were submitted to four experimental periods (32 days each one) and three washout intervals (7 days) between periods 1 and 2, 2 and 3, and 3 and 4. Angus had higher consumption on days 12 and 16 when compared to Nellore (P=0.02). Angus cattle the lowest pH and the higher ruminal temperatures. Nellore breed had higher Shannon diversity than(P=0.007). Nellore showed a higher community of Butyrivibrio, Clostridiales and Prevotella(P<0.01) than Angus. During the transition period ruminal fermentation pattern and bacteria community are different for Angus than Nellore cattle.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Metabolismo, Microrganismos, Angus, Nelore, Metabolism, Microorganisms, Nellore