Análises genômicas para associação de SNPs com resistência à Aeromonas hydrophila e rendimento de filé no tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum)
Carregando...
Data
2021-12-20
Autores
Ariede, Raquel Belini [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) é o peixe neotropical mais importante da aquicultura de água doce na América do Sul. Surtos da doença causados pela bactéria Aeromonas hydrophila resultam em perdas significativas para a produção de tambaqui. Além disso, o aumento da produção dessa espécie em aquicultura é limitado pela falta de programas de melhoramento genético, especialmente para características de resistência a doenças e rendimento de filé. O objetivo desse estudo foi caracterizar o desempenho zootécnico de famílias de tambaqui C. macropomum para resistência à Aeromonas hydrophila e características de crescimento/rendimento de filé, por meio de genética quantitativa e associação genômica de SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms). Primeiramente, os resultados dos parâmetros genéticos para resistência a A. hydrophila e a correlação genética com o ganho de peso diário em juvenis de tambaqui demonstraram que é possível incluir essas características em programas de melhoramento seletivo. Em seguida, para avançar com as análises genômicas, foi desenvolvido um denso SNP array para o tambaqui, com a caracterização de 30 mil SNPs candidatos para a plataforma de genotipagem Axiom/ThermoFischer (30K SerraSNP array). Após essa etapa, foi investigado a arquitetura genética da resistência a A. hydrophila em tambaqui por um estudo de associação do genoma (GWAS) para identificar loci de características quantitativas (QTLs) e genes putativos associados a esta característica em tambaqui. Um denso mapa de ligação foi desenvolvido para o tambaqui usando os dados do genótipo; resultando em 17.374 SNPs distribuídos em 27 grupos de ligação. A análise GWAS identificou vários QTLs candidatos associados à resistência de A. hydrophila, distribuídos em seis grupos de ligação. Vários genes candidatos relacionados à resposta imune foram localizados próximos aos QTLs putativos. Em relação as características de crescimento/rendimento, as análises de genética quantitativa revelaram moderada-alta herdabilidades, o que demonstra que estão sob moderado controle genético e devem responder à seleção genética. Uma abordagem de deep learning e sistema de visão computacional (CVS) também foi validada para obter as medidas morfométricas do tambaqui em larga escala e de forma automatizada. As análises de GWAS para essas características confirmaram que estão sob controle poligênico, com a identificação de apenas alguns QTLs com significância estatística. Em conclusão, ambas as características avaliadas neste estudo, resistência a A. hydrophila e características de crescimento e rendimento corpóreo, demonstram estar sob controle genético e influenciadas por várias regiões genômicas, e podem ser inseridas em programas de melhoramento para tambaqui.
Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is the most important neotropical fish in freshwater aquaculture in South America. Disease outbreaks caused by the bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila result in significant losses for tambaqui production. Furthermore, the increase in production of this species in aquaculture is limited by the lack of genetic improvement programs, especially for disease resistance traits and fillet yield. The objective of this study was to characterize the performance of tambaqui C. macropomum families for resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila and fillet growth/yield traits, through quantitative genetics and genomic association of SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms). First, the results of genetic parameters for resistance to A. hydrophila and the genetic correlation with daily weight gain in tambaqui juveniles demonstrated that it is possible to include these traits in selective breeding programs. Then, to proceed with genomic analyses, a dense SNP array for tambaqui was developed, with the characterization of 30,000 candidate SNPs for the Axiom/ThermoFischer genotyping platform (30K SerraSNP array). After this, the genetic architecture of resistance to A. hydrophila in tambaqui was investigated by a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and putative genes associated with this trait in tambaqui. A dense linkage map was developed for tambaqui using genotype data; resulting in 17,374 SNPs distributed in 27 linkage groups. GWAS analysis identified several candidate QTLs associated with A. hydrophila resistance, distributed into six linkage groups. Several candidate genes related to the immune response were located close to the putative QTLs. Regarding growth/yield traits, quantitative genetic analysis revealed moderatehigh heritability, which demonstrates that they are under moderate genetic control and must respond to genetic selection. A deep learning approach and computer vision system (CVS) was also validated to obtain the morphometric measurements of tambaqui on a large scale and in an automated way. GWAS analyzes for these traits confirmed that they are under polygenic control, with the identification of only a few QTLs with statistical significance. In conclusion, both traits evaluated in this study, resistance to A. hydrophila and growth and body yield traits, demonstrate to be under genetic control and influenced by several genomic regions, and can be included in improvement programs for tambaqui.
Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is the most important neotropical fish in freshwater aquaculture in South America. Disease outbreaks caused by the bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila result in significant losses for tambaqui production. Furthermore, the increase in production of this species in aquaculture is limited by the lack of genetic improvement programs, especially for disease resistance traits and fillet yield. The objective of this study was to characterize the performance of tambaqui C. macropomum families for resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila and fillet growth/yield traits, through quantitative genetics and genomic association of SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms). First, the results of genetic parameters for resistance to A. hydrophila and the genetic correlation with daily weight gain in tambaqui juveniles demonstrated that it is possible to include these traits in selective breeding programs. Then, to proceed with genomic analyses, a dense SNP array for tambaqui was developed, with the characterization of 30,000 candidate SNPs for the Axiom/ThermoFischer genotyping platform (30K SerraSNP array). After this, the genetic architecture of resistance to A. hydrophila in tambaqui was investigated by a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and putative genes associated with this trait in tambaqui. A dense linkage map was developed for tambaqui using genotype data; resulting in 17,374 SNPs distributed in 27 linkage groups. GWAS analysis identified several candidate QTLs associated with A. hydrophila resistance, distributed into six linkage groups. Several candidate genes related to the immune response were located close to the putative QTLs. Regarding growth/yield traits, quantitative genetic analysis revealed moderatehigh heritability, which demonstrates that they are under moderate genetic control and must respond to genetic selection. A deep learning approach and computer vision system (CVS) was also validated to obtain the morphometric measurements of tambaqui on a large scale and in an automated way. GWAS analyzes for these traits confirmed that they are under polygenic control, with the identification of only a few QTLs with statistical significance. In conclusion, both traits evaluated in this study, resistance to A. hydrophila and growth and body yield traits, demonstrate to be under genetic control and influenced by several genomic regions, and can be included in improvement programs for tambaqui.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Aquicultura, Resistência à doenças, Genética animal, Peixes