Avaliação da performance mastigatória, força máxima de mordida e fluxo salivar em pacientes idosos edentados reabilitados com dois tipos de próteses
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Data
2022-02-23
Autores
Lima, Amanda Laísa de Oliveira
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Considerando a importância da reabilitação bucal na nutrição de pacientes idosos desdentados totais, a performance mastigatória (PM) é um fator resultante à perda de dentes naturais e sua avaliação é importante. Este trabalho é um estudo do tipo observacional, transversal, não analítico. O objetivo foi avaliar a correlação entre PM, força máxima de mordida (FMM) e fluxo salivar (FS) em pacientes idosos edêntulos reabilitados com dois tipos de próteses. Para avaliar a PM, FMM e o FS os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos: G1 - paciente portadores de próteses totais bimaxilares convencional (n=22) e; G2 - pacientes com prótese total superior e prótese total implanto-suportada inferior (n=22). A PM foi avaliada utilizando goma de mascar (Vivident Fruitswing), e após 10, 20 e 40 ciclos a goma foi analisada pelo método digital (software ViewGum©️). Para a FMM um gnatodinamômetro foi utilizado e o FS foi mensurado após os pacientes mastigarem uma goma de parafina. A estatística descritiva e inferencial foi realizada e a comparação da PM entre os indivíduos do G1 e G2 em relação aos ciclos mastigatórios foi realizada com ANOVA de medida repetida mista. A correlação entre PM, FMM e FS foi verificada e um estudo de regressão linear realizado para avaliar o impacto das variáveis na PM dos indivíduos. Utilizando um nível de significância de 5%, foi possível obter como resultado que em ambos os grupos, a PM foi maior quando proposto mastigações com maior número de ciclos mastigatórios, entretanto o G2 apresentou maior PM, qualquer que fosse o número de ciclos mastigatórios, assim como a média da FMM foi superior ao G1. A CM apresentou correlação estatisticamente significativa com FMM. O estudo de regressão apontou que o tipo de prótese foi a variável que mais impactou na CM. Conclui-se que o tratamento reabilitador utilizando implantes associado ao número de ciclos são fatores que influenciam no aumento da PM em indivíduos desdentados totais principalmente naqueles com classe social mais elevada.
Considering the importance of oral rehabilitation in the nutrition of totally edentulous elderly patients, masticatory performance (MP) is a factor resulting in the loss of natural teeth and your evaluation is important. This work is an observational, crosssectional, non-analytical study. The objective was to evaluate the correlation between MP, maximum bite force (MBF) and salivary flow (SF) in edentulous elderly patients with two types of rehabilitation. To evaluate the MP, MBF and the SF, participants were divided into two groups: G1: bimaxillary complete denture (n=22) and G2: mandibular protocol and maxillary complete denture (n=22). The MP was evaluated using chewing gum (Vivident Fruitswing), and after 10, 20 and 40 cycles the gum was analyzed by the digital method (ViewGum©️ software). For the MBF a gnathodynamometer was used and SF was measured after the patient chewed a paraffin gum. The descriptive and inferential statistics were performed and the comparison of the MP between the individuals of G1 and G2 in relation to the masticatory cycles was performed with mixed repeated measure ANOVA. The correlation between MP, MBF and SF was verified, and a linear regression study was performed to evaluate the impact of variables on the MP of individuals. Using a significance level of 5%, it was possible to obtain as a result that in both groups, the MP was higher when chewing was proposed with a greater number of chewing cycles, however, G2 showed higher MP, whatever the number of chewing cycles, as well as the average of the MBF was superior to the G1. MC showed a statistically significant correlation with MBF. The regression study showed that the type of prosthesis was the variable that most impacted MP. It is concluded that the rehabilitation treatment using implants associated with the number of cycles are factors that influence the increase in MP in total edentulous individuals especially in those with a higher social class.
Considering the importance of oral rehabilitation in the nutrition of totally edentulous elderly patients, masticatory performance (MP) is a factor resulting in the loss of natural teeth and your evaluation is important. This work is an observational, crosssectional, non-analytical study. The objective was to evaluate the correlation between MP, maximum bite force (MBF) and salivary flow (SF) in edentulous elderly patients with two types of rehabilitation. To evaluate the MP, MBF and the SF, participants were divided into two groups: G1: bimaxillary complete denture (n=22) and G2: mandibular protocol and maxillary complete denture (n=22). The MP was evaluated using chewing gum (Vivident Fruitswing), and after 10, 20 and 40 cycles the gum was analyzed by the digital method (ViewGum©️ software). For the MBF a gnathodynamometer was used and SF was measured after the patient chewed a paraffin gum. The descriptive and inferential statistics were performed and the comparison of the MP between the individuals of G1 and G2 in relation to the masticatory cycles was performed with mixed repeated measure ANOVA. The correlation between MP, MBF and SF was verified, and a linear regression study was performed to evaluate the impact of variables on the MP of individuals. Using a significance level of 5%, it was possible to obtain as a result that in both groups, the MP was higher when chewing was proposed with a greater number of chewing cycles, however, G2 showed higher MP, whatever the number of chewing cycles, as well as the average of the MBF was superior to the G1. MC showed a statistically significant correlation with MBF. The regression study showed that the type of prosthesis was the variable that most impacted MP. It is concluded that the rehabilitation treatment using implants associated with the number of cycles are factors that influence the increase in MP in total edentulous individuals especially in those with a higher social class.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Reabilitação bucal, Força de mordida, Mastigação, Salivação, Mouth rehabilitation, Bite force, Mastication, Salivation