Miopia espacial: a invisibilidade do planejamento e ordenamento urbano no ensino de Geografia
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Data
2021-11-19
Autores
Souza, Vitor Ferreira de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo fornecer noções gerais sobre o planejamento urbano de São José do Rio Preto, por meio de uma sequência didática no ensino de Geografia. A problemática inicial pautou-se sobre a impossibilidade em desenvolver uma conscientização sobre a produção do espaço urbano alheio ao tema do planejamento urbano, principal instrumento da produção espacial do poder público. Para o ensino de Geografia, as ações voltadas para a promoção da conscientização espacial são cruciais para a compreensão dos agentes produtores do espaço urbano e a construção de uma cidadania participativa. A pesquisa pautou-se em um estudo de caso, sendo realizada em uma escola do referido município, com cerca de 30 alunos do nono ano do Ensino Fundamental. O processo metodológico foi dividido em seis etapas: 1) levantamento bibliográfico dos principais assuntos a serem trabalhados. 2) Aplicação de um questionário sobre o conhecimento prévio dos alunos sobre temática. 3) Realização da sequência didática. 4) Confecção de materiais e realização de atividades. 5) Elaboração do objeto educacional. 6) Organização dos resultados finais. Em decorrência da pandemia do coronavírus, a aplicação da pesquisa se deu de maneira virtual e contou com alguns recursos, como a plataforma Google Meet e o contato com os alunos via WhatsApp. A partir do percurso, outros objetivos foram estruturantes para o trabalho como a discussão sobre os instrumentos urbanísticos e a criação de um objeto educacional. Como resultado, constatou-se a crucialidade em se trabalhar o planejamento urbano e os instrumentos urbanísticos para a compreensão crítica sobre a produção do espaço. Também trouxe uma nova dimensão sobre o exercício cidadão e o desenvolvimento de uma democracia mais representativa; a conscientização das ações do poder público na normatização do espaço urbano e a necessidade da ciência geográfica para a sedimentação do sentido de espacialidade e de promoção cidadã.
This research aims to provide general notions about the urban planning of São José do Rio Preto, through a didactic sequence in Geography teaching. The initial problem was based on the impossibility of developing an awareness of the production of urban space outside the theme of urban planning, the main instrument of spatial production of the public power. For the teaching of Geography, the actions aimed at the promotion of spatial awareness are crucial to the understanding of the agents that produce the urban space and the construction of a participative citizenship. The research was based on a case study, carried out in a school of the aforementioned municipality, with about 30 ninth-grade students. The methodological process was divided into six steps: 1) Bibliographic survey of the main issues to be worked on. 2) Application of a questionnaire about the students' previous knowledge about the theme. 3) Realization of the didactic sequence. 4) Making materials and carrying out activities. 5) Elaboration of the educational object. 6) Organization of the final results. Due to the pandemic of the coronavirus, the application of the research took place virtually and relied on some resources, such as the Google Meet platform and contact with students via WhatsApp. From the course, other objectives were structuring to the work, such as the discussion about urban planning instruments and the creation of an educational object. As a result, the cruciality of working on urban planning and urbanistic instruments for a critical understanding of the production of space was verified. It also brought a new dimension to the exercise of citizenship and the development of a more representative democracy. Finally, the awareness of the actions of the public power in the normatization of urban space and the need of geographic science for the sedimentation of the sense of spatiality and the promotion of citizenship.
This research aims to provide general notions about the urban planning of São José do Rio Preto, through a didactic sequence in Geography teaching. The initial problem was based on the impossibility of developing an awareness of the production of urban space outside the theme of urban planning, the main instrument of spatial production of the public power. For the teaching of Geography, the actions aimed at the promotion of spatial awareness are crucial to the understanding of the agents that produce the urban space and the construction of a participative citizenship. The research was based on a case study, carried out in a school of the aforementioned municipality, with about 30 ninth-grade students. The methodological process was divided into six steps: 1) Bibliographic survey of the main issues to be worked on. 2) Application of a questionnaire about the students' previous knowledge about the theme. 3) Realization of the didactic sequence. 4) Making materials and carrying out activities. 5) Elaboration of the educational object. 6) Organization of the final results. Due to the pandemic of the coronavirus, the application of the research took place virtually and relied on some resources, such as the Google Meet platform and contact with students via WhatsApp. From the course, other objectives were structuring to the work, such as the discussion about urban planning instruments and the creation of an educational object. As a result, the cruciality of working on urban planning and urbanistic instruments for a critical understanding of the production of space was verified. It also brought a new dimension to the exercise of citizenship and the development of a more representative democracy. Finally, the awareness of the actions of the public power in the normatization of urban space and the need of geographic science for the sedimentation of the sense of spatiality and the promotion of citizenship.
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Geografia, Geografia - estudo e ensino, Planejamento urbano, Espaço em geografia, Geography teaching, Urban planning, Space production