Análise dos episódios excepcionais de precipitação e seus impactos no ambiente urbano de Presidente Prudente/SP
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Data
2022-02-22
Autores
Avanzi Júnior, Paulo Sérgio
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O processo de urbanização e as constantes intervenções na paisagem natural tem contribuído para o surgimento de diversos problemas nos ambientes urbanos, que passaram a apresentar um desequilíbrio nos elementos climáticos locais e produzir seu clima próprio. Entre os problemas que se manifestam no ambiente urbano, se encontram os episódios de intensa precipitação, responsáveis por impactar diretamente na organização do espaço, causando danos à paisagem urbana e prejuízos para a população e para o poder público. Desta forma, pretendeu-se com essa pesquisa analisar os impactos decorrentes dos episódios excepcionais de precipitação na área urbana de Presidente Prudente/SP, utilizando-se como base teórico-metodológica o Sistema Clima Urbano, proposto por Monteiro (1976). Para isso, foram utilizados dados meteorológicos provenientes da Estação Meteorológica Automática de Presidente Prudente no período de 2010 a 2019, empregados em conjunto a mídia impressa no intuito de reconhecer precipitações extremas e mapear as ocorrências decorrentes dos impactos das chuvas na cidade. Os resultados apontaram a incursão da Frente Polar Atlântica como o principal sistema atmosférico motivador de episódios extremos na cidade. Além disso, a partir do cálculo dos totais, médias e desvio-padrão, constatou-se que nem sempre os maiores volumes de chuva estiveram ligados a impactos no ambiente urbano, apesar disso, os impactos deflagrados ressaltaram a importância da inserção do planejamento climático nas pautas de gestão municipais.
The urbanization process and the constant interventions in the natural landscape have contributed to the arising of several problems in urban environments, which started presenting an unbalance in the local climatic elements and producing its own climate. Between these problems that manifest in the urban environment are episodes of intense precipitation responsible for impacting directly on space organization, causing damage to the urban landscape, the population and the government. For this reason, this research aimed to analyze the impacts resulting from exceptional episodes of precipitation in the urban area of Presidente Prudente/SP by using as theoretical-methodological basis the Urban Climate System, proposed by Monteiro (1976). Thus, meteorological data from the Automatic Meteorological Station of Presidente Prudente were used in the period from 2010 to 2019, employed in conjunction with the printed media in order to recognize extreme precipitations and map the occurrences resulting from precipitation impacts in the city. The results pointed to the incursion of the Atlantic Polar Front as the main atmospheric system motivating extreme episodes in the city. Moreover, from the calculation of totals, averages and standard deviation, it was found that the largest rainfall volumes were not always linked to impacts on the urban environment, despite this, the deflagrated impacts highlighted the importance of inserting climate planning in municipal management agendas.
The urbanization process and the constant interventions in the natural landscape have contributed to the arising of several problems in urban environments, which started presenting an unbalance in the local climatic elements and producing its own climate. Between these problems that manifest in the urban environment are episodes of intense precipitation responsible for impacting directly on space organization, causing damage to the urban landscape, the population and the government. For this reason, this research aimed to analyze the impacts resulting from exceptional episodes of precipitation in the urban area of Presidente Prudente/SP by using as theoretical-methodological basis the Urban Climate System, proposed by Monteiro (1976). Thus, meteorological data from the Automatic Meteorological Station of Presidente Prudente were used in the period from 2010 to 2019, employed in conjunction with the printed media in order to recognize extreme precipitations and map the occurrences resulting from precipitation impacts in the city. The results pointed to the incursion of the Atlantic Polar Front as the main atmospheric system motivating extreme episodes in the city. Moreover, from the calculation of totals, averages and standard deviation, it was found that the largest rainfall volumes were not always linked to impacts on the urban environment, despite this, the deflagrated impacts highlighted the importance of inserting climate planning in municipal management agendas.
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Palavras-chave
Climatologia geográfica, Clima urbano, Impacto meteórico, Episódios extremos, Presidente Prudente, Geographic climatology, Urban climate, Meteoric impact, Extreme episodes