Efeito protetor do chá de hibisco nas alterações estruturais da bexiga de ratos obesos
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Data
2022-02-24
Autores
Pajolli, Pedro Ivo Rocchetti
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
INTRODUÇÃO: A obesidade é um problema de saúde pública mundial devido às altas taxas de acometimento na população em geral. A obesidade acarreta distúrbios como aumento de processos inflamatórios, diabetes tipo 2, doenças cardiovasculares e alterações renais. É um fator de risco para os sintomas do trato urinário inferior (LUTS), como bexiga hiperativa e incontinência urinária e tem alta prevalência na população diminuindo a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Embora abordagens clínicas tenham sido adotadas para o tratamento da obesidade, sabe-se que a ingestão do extrato do Hibiscus sabdariffa (HB) apresenta diversos benefícios à saúde e têm efeitos anti-obesogênicos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, utilizando um modelo experimental de obesidade, os efeitos protetores do chá de Hibisco (HB) na bexiga de ratos. MÉTODOS: Foram divididos de forma randômica, em quatro grupos experimentais, 48 ratos machos da linhagem Wistar: G1 (n=12), grupo controle onde os animais receberam dieta padrão e água ad libitum; G2 (n=12), grupo controle + chá de HB; G3 (n=12), grupo obesidade, no qual os animais receberam dieta hiperlipídica palatável (DPH) e água ad libitum e G4 (n=12), grupo obesidade + chá HB conforme especificado no grupo 2. Todos os animais foram avaliados semanalmente quanto ao peso corpóreo, diariamente em relação à ingestão de ração, água e chá de HB, de acordo com o grupo alocado. Após 16 semanas, foi realizada a eutanásia dos animais para avaliar: níveis de creatinina, citocinas inflamatórias, colesterol, triglicérides e eletrólitos, além da coleta da bexiga dos animais para análise histopatológica. RESULTADOS: O chá de HB foi capaz de diminuir as taxas de LDL e triglicerídeos no grupo G2. A leptina mostrou-se elevada nos grupos que receberam DPH. O chá de HB foi capaz de diminuir os níveis de citocina pró-inflamatória IL-1α nos grupos G2 e G4. Notório que no G4 os animais apresentaram uma diminuição da espessura das fibras musculares da bexiga em comparação ao grupo controle (G1) e houve um aumento significativo da espessura das mesmas nos animais do grupo G3 em relação ao G4. Houve ainda um aumento de fibras de colágenos no grupo G4 quando comparado ao grupo G1. CONCLUSÃO: Pode-se ressaltar que o HB apresentou papel anti-inflamatório, foi capaz de reverter a lipidemia e reduzir os efeitos deletérios da obesidade na musculatura vesical.
Obesity has become a worldwide problem due to the high rates of involvement in the world population. In addition to excess adipose tissue, obesity causes disorders such as increased inflammatory processes, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and kidney disorders. It is a factor for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), such as overactive bladder and urinary incontinence, and has a high prevalence in the population, decreasing the quality of life of patients. Thus, complementary treatments present in patients' daily lives could contribute to current clinical treatments. The ingestion of Hibiscus sabdariffa (HB) extract has several health benefits and has anti-obesogenic effects. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess whether the different medicinal properties attributable to Hibiscus sabdariffa would be able to prevent or mitigate any adverse effects induced by obesity in these animals. For this, male Wistar rats (n=12) were submitted to four experimental conditions: G1, the group of control animals that received standard diet and water; G2, animals with standard diet and HB tea; G3, animals received a palatable high-fat diet (DPH) and water; and G4 received DPH diet and HB tea. The animals were monitored for body weight and HB feed, water and tea intake, according to the allocated group. After 16 weeks, the animals were euthanized and the levels of creatinine, inflammatory cytokines, testosterone, cholesterol, triglycerides and electrolytes were evaluated, in addition, histopathological analysis of the animals' bladder was performed. HB tea was able to decreased LDL and triglyceride levels in the G2 group. Leptin was shown to be elevated in the groups that received DPH. HB tea was able to decrease the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1α in groups G2 and G4. It is notable that in G4 the animals showed a decrease in the thickness of the bladder muscle fibers compared to the control group (G1) and there was a significant increase in the thickness in the animals of the G3 group in relation to the G4. Furthermore, there was an increase in collagen fiber count in the G4 group when compared to the G1 group. Thus, we can emphasize that HB had an anti-inflammatory role and was also able to reverse lipidemic in blood of obese animals and reduce the deleterious effects of obesity on the bladder.
Obesity has become a worldwide problem due to the high rates of involvement in the world population. In addition to excess adipose tissue, obesity causes disorders such as increased inflammatory processes, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and kidney disorders. It is a factor for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), such as overactive bladder and urinary incontinence, and has a high prevalence in the population, decreasing the quality of life of patients. Thus, complementary treatments present in patients' daily lives could contribute to current clinical treatments. The ingestion of Hibiscus sabdariffa (HB) extract has several health benefits and has anti-obesogenic effects. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess whether the different medicinal properties attributable to Hibiscus sabdariffa would be able to prevent or mitigate any adverse effects induced by obesity in these animals. For this, male Wistar rats (n=12) were submitted to four experimental conditions: G1, the group of control animals that received standard diet and water; G2, animals with standard diet and HB tea; G3, animals received a palatable high-fat diet (DPH) and water; and G4 received DPH diet and HB tea. The animals were monitored for body weight and HB feed, water and tea intake, according to the allocated group. After 16 weeks, the animals were euthanized and the levels of creatinine, inflammatory cytokines, testosterone, cholesterol, triglycerides and electrolytes were evaluated, in addition, histopathological analysis of the animals' bladder was performed. HB tea was able to decreased LDL and triglyceride levels in the G2 group. Leptin was shown to be elevated in the groups that received DPH. HB tea was able to decrease the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1α in groups G2 and G4. It is notable that in G4 the animals showed a decrease in the thickness of the bladder muscle fibers compared to the control group (G1) and there was a significant increase in the thickness in the animals of the G3 group in relation to the G4. Furthermore, there was an increase in collagen fiber count in the G4 group when compared to the G1 group. Thus, we can emphasize that HB had an anti-inflammatory role and was also able to reverse lipidemic in blood of obese animals and reduce the deleterious effects of obesity on the bladder.
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Palavras-chave
Obesidade, Hibiscus sabdariffa, LUTS, DPH, Obesity, LUTS, DPH