As personagens femininas nas obras de Nilma Lacerda: um diálogo entre literatura e direito
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Data
2022-02-01
Autores
Domingues, Cecília Barchi
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta dissertação tem por objetivo apresentar reflexões acerca das relações que se estabelecem entre Literatura, Direito e vida social. Para a consecução deste objetivo, a partir do aporte teórico da Estética da Recepção e do Efeito (JAUSS, 1994; ISER, 1979, 1999 e 1996) e da crítica feminista (SHOWALTER, 1984; ZOLIN, 2005), visou-se analisar se as obras juvenis de Nilma Gonçalves Lacerda estabelecem comunicabilidade com seu leitor implícito, suscitando interatividade na leitura; convocam à reflexão crítica; rompem com conceitos prévios, em especial acerca da escrita de autoria feminina e, assim, apresentam potencialidades que permitem a ampliação de horizontes de expectativa. Para tanto, tomou-se como objetos de estudo os seguintes livros de Lacerda: Sortes de Villamor (2010); Bárbara debaixo da chuva (2012); e Viver é feito à mão/Viver é risco em vermelho (2013). Justifica-se a eleição dessas obras, pois suas narrativas apresentam semelhanças paradigmáticas tanto na estrutura, quanto no tratamento de temas complexos, como preconceito relacionado a gênero, raça, crença, educação e condição social, exercendo, pela denúncia de realidades opressivas, função social (JAUSS, 1994). Seus protagonistas apresentam-se em fase de descobertas e definição da própria identidade, o que pode ser cativante para o jovem leitor, também em fase de formação identitária. Pela análise de seus enredos, pôde-se observar que discussões sobre gênero estão presentes na literatura juvenil, o que permite ao jovem leitor refletir sobre a vigência da legislação e sobre as diferentes problemáticas que sua ausência promove. Constrói-se a hipótese de que a leitura dessas obras de Lacerda (2010, 2012, 2013) pode atuar como uma ferramenta para humanização (CANDIDO, 1995), pelo fomento à reflexão crítica acerca das relações humanas em sociedade e sua relação com a efetivação de direitos e/ou sua privação.
This research was carried out to discuss the relationships established between literature, law, and social life. To achieve this goal we aimed to analyze - through the contributions of reception theories (JAUSS, 1994; ISER, 1979, 1999 and 1996) and feminist criticism (SHOWALTER, 1984; ZOLIN, 2005) - whether Nilma Gonçalves Lacerda’s young-adult novels establish communicability with their implicit reader, raising interactivity in reading; promote critical reflection; break with previous concepts, especially about women writing and, thus, present potentials that allow the readers to broaden their horizons. For this purpose, the following books by Lacerda were taken as objects of study: Sortes de Villamor (2010); Barbara Debaixo da Chuva (2012); and Viver feito à mão (2013). These books were selected because their narratives show paradigmatic similarities both in structure and in treatment of complex themes, such as prejudice related to gender, race, belief, education, and social status, exercising a social function (JAUSS, 1994) through denouncing oppressive realities. The protagonists are in a phase of discoveries and definitions of their own identity, which can be captivating for the young reader, who is also in a phase of identity formation. By analyzing their plots, it could be observed that discussions about gender are present in young-adult literature, which allows the young reader to reflect on the validity of the legislation and on the different problems that its absence promotes. The hypothesis built is that Lacerda’s books (2010, 2012, 2013) can be used as a tool for humanization through reading (CANDIDO, 1995) because they encourage critical reflection on human relations in society and its relationship with the effectuation (or deprivation) of rights.
This research was carried out to discuss the relationships established between literature, law, and social life. To achieve this goal we aimed to analyze - through the contributions of reception theories (JAUSS, 1994; ISER, 1979, 1999 and 1996) and feminist criticism (SHOWALTER, 1984; ZOLIN, 2005) - whether Nilma Gonçalves Lacerda’s young-adult novels establish communicability with their implicit reader, raising interactivity in reading; promote critical reflection; break with previous concepts, especially about women writing and, thus, present potentials that allow the readers to broaden their horizons. For this purpose, the following books by Lacerda were taken as objects of study: Sortes de Villamor (2010); Barbara Debaixo da Chuva (2012); and Viver feito à mão (2013). These books were selected because their narratives show paradigmatic similarities both in structure and in treatment of complex themes, such as prejudice related to gender, race, belief, education, and social status, exercising a social function (JAUSS, 1994) through denouncing oppressive realities. The protagonists are in a phase of discoveries and definitions of their own identity, which can be captivating for the young reader, who is also in a phase of identity formation. By analyzing their plots, it could be observed that discussions about gender are present in young-adult literature, which allows the young reader to reflect on the validity of the legislation and on the different problems that its absence promotes. The hypothesis built is that Lacerda’s books (2010, 2012, 2013) can be used as a tool for humanization through reading (CANDIDO, 1995) because they encourage critical reflection on human relations in society and its relationship with the effectuation (or deprivation) of rights.
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Palavras-chave
Literatura juvenil, Nilma Lacerda, Estética da Recepção, Direito e Literatura, Young reader, Aesthetics of Reception, Law and Literature