Uso de lignina na dieta de fêmeas suínas em gestação e lactação
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Data
2022-03-07
Autores
De Oliveira, Geyssane Farias [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da inclusão de lignina Kraft na dieta de fêmeas gestantes sobre o desempenho, digestibilidade de nutrientes da ração, quantificação microbiológica das fezes, concentração fecal de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta, parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos séricos e na dieta de fêmeas lactantes sobre seu desempenho e da leitegada, composição do colostro e leite e atividade de enzimas do sistema antioxidante no soro das porcas. Foram utilizadas 75 matrizes suínas do dia 0 de gestação a 20 dias de lactação, distribuídas em delineamento em blocos ao acaso com três tratamentos e a ordem de parto foi adotada como fator de bloco, os tratamentos foram: C = Controle (dieta basal sem adição de lignina); LK0,5 = dieta basal + 0,5% de lignina Kraft e LK1,0 = dieta basal + 1,0% de lignina Kraft. As matrizes foram alojadas em gaiolas individuais durante o período de gestação e celas de parto durante a lactação. Durante o período de gestação as fêmeas foram alimentadas de forma restrita e durante a lactação à vontade, e água à vontade em ambas as fases. A inclusão de lignina Kraft não afetou o desempenho das matrizes suínas durante a gestação e lactação, assim como da leitegada e composição bromatológia do colostro e do leite. Houve diminuição linear no coeficiente de digestibilidade aparente da proteína bruta e de energia bruta, com a inclusão de lignina na dieta. A inclusão de lignina Kraft aumentou linearmente a concentrações de bactérias ácido-láticas na microbiota intestinal, porém não modificou a concentração fecal de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta. Para os parâmetros sanguíneos, houve aumento linear de eosinófilos e hemoglobina corpuscular média e diminuição de linfócitos sanguíneos com o aumento da inclusão de lignina na dieta das fêmeas. Também, o aumento da inclusão de lignina na dieta aumentou linearmente a concentração de creatinina e diminuiu linearmente a atividade da enzima catalase no soro. De maneira geral, a inclusão de 1% de lignina se mostrou vantajosa, pois apesar de diminuir a digestibilidade da dieta, não interferiu no desempenho das fêmeas e leitegada, inferindo ainda positivamente na concentração de creatinina, além de modular positivamente a colonização de bactérias ácido-láticas na microbiota intestinal no terço final de gestação das porcas e reduzir a atividade da catalase no sistema antioxidante.
The study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the effects of the inclusion of Kraft lignin in the diet of pregnant females on performance, nutrient digestibility of the feed, microbiological quantification of feces, fecal concentration of short-chain fatty acids, hematological and serum biochemical parameters. and in the diet of lactating sows on their performance and litter, colostrum and milk composition and activity of enzymes of the antioxidant system in sow whey. A total of 75 sows from day 0 of gestation to 20 days of lactation were used, distributed in a randomized block design with three treatments and the farrowing order was adopted as a block factor, the treatments were: C = Control (basal diet without addition of lignin); LK0.5 = basal diet + 0.5% Kraft lignin and LK1.0 = basal diet + 1.0% Kraft lignin. Sows were housed in individual cages during the gestation period and farrowing cells during lactation. During the gestation period the females were fed ad libitum and during lactation ad libitum, and ad libitum water in both phases. The inclusion of Kraft lignin did not affect the performance of sows during pregnancy and lactation, as well as the litter and bromatological composition of colostrum and milk. There was a linear decrease in the coefficient of apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude energy, with the inclusion of lignin in the diet. The inclusion of Kraft lignin linearly increased the concentrations of lactic acid bacteria in the intestinal microbiota but did not change the fecal concentration of short-chain fatty acids. For blood parameters, there was a linear increase in eosinophils and mean corpuscular hemoglobin and a decrease in blood lymphocytes with increasing inclusion of lignin in the diet of females. Also, increasing dietary lignin inclusion linearly increased creatinine concentration and linearly decreased serum catalase enzyme activity. In general, the inclusion of 1% lignin proved to be advantageous, because despite decreasing the digestibility of the diet, it did not interfere with the performance of females and litters, also positively inferring the creatinine concentration, in addition to positively modulating the colonization of acid bacteria. -lactic acid in the intestinal microbiota in the final third of sow gestation and reduce catalase activity in the antioxidant system.
The study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the effects of the inclusion of Kraft lignin in the diet of pregnant females on performance, nutrient digestibility of the feed, microbiological quantification of feces, fecal concentration of short-chain fatty acids, hematological and serum biochemical parameters. and in the diet of lactating sows on their performance and litter, colostrum and milk composition and activity of enzymes of the antioxidant system in sow whey. A total of 75 sows from day 0 of gestation to 20 days of lactation were used, distributed in a randomized block design with three treatments and the farrowing order was adopted as a block factor, the treatments were: C = Control (basal diet without addition of lignin); LK0.5 = basal diet + 0.5% Kraft lignin and LK1.0 = basal diet + 1.0% Kraft lignin. Sows were housed in individual cages during the gestation period and farrowing cells during lactation. During the gestation period the females were fed ad libitum and during lactation ad libitum, and ad libitum water in both phases. The inclusion of Kraft lignin did not affect the performance of sows during pregnancy and lactation, as well as the litter and bromatological composition of colostrum and milk. There was a linear decrease in the coefficient of apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude energy, with the inclusion of lignin in the diet. The inclusion of Kraft lignin linearly increased the concentrations of lactic acid bacteria in the intestinal microbiota but did not change the fecal concentration of short-chain fatty acids. For blood parameters, there was a linear increase in eosinophils and mean corpuscular hemoglobin and a decrease in blood lymphocytes with increasing inclusion of lignin in the diet of females. Also, increasing dietary lignin inclusion linearly increased creatinine concentration and linearly decreased serum catalase enzyme activity. In general, the inclusion of 1% lignin proved to be advantageous, because despite decreasing the digestibility of the diet, it did not interfere with the performance of females and litters, also positively inferring the creatinine concentration, in addition to positively modulating the colonization of acid bacteria. -lactic acid in the intestinal microbiota in the final third of sow gestation and reduce catalase activity in the antioxidant system.
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Palavras-chave
Suínos, Reprodução, Prebióticos, Compostos naturais, Microbiota, Swine, Breeding, Prebiotics, Natural compounds