Avaliação de compostos anti-helmínticos em formulação palatável em cães naturalmente infectados por helmintos
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Data
2022-01-20
Autores
Guidugli, Eduarda Toniello
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As infecções parasitárias são responsáveis por algumas das doenças de maior importância, principalmente em regiões com baixo índice de desenvolvimento humano. Apesar dos avanços no tratamento, elas continuam representando risco para cães e, consequentemente, para seus tutores devido ao potencial zoonótico de alguns parasitas. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo testar a eficácia de três compostos anti-helmínticos em formulação palatável, em diferentes posologias, em cães naturalmente infectados por helmintos. O estudo foi dividido em três etapas, sendo inclusos nos experimentos apenas cães com contagem de ovos acima de 200 OPG (ovos por grama de fezes), sem comorbidades aparentes. Como critérios de exclusão, foram considerados aparecimento de doença clínica não relacionada às parasitoses e falha no tratamento decorrente de regurgitação ou vômito. Na primeira etapa (G1), 56 animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos homogêneos para avaliação da eficácia dos compostos A e B (composto A: Fenbendazol + Praziquantel; Composto B: Febantel + Pamoato de Pirantel + Praziquantel), administrados em dose única no D0, nas dosagens de 1 comprimido a cada 5 kg e 1 comprimido a cada 10 kg respectivamente. Na segunda etapa (G2), 40 animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois novos grupos para avaliação dos mesmos compostos A e B, nas mesmas dosagens, porém com tratamento nos dias D0, D+1 e D+2. Na terceira etapa (G3), por sua vez, avaliou-se a eficácia do composto C (Ivermectina), em duas doses, D0 e D+7, na dose de 0,2 mg/kg em um grupo com 31 animais. Nas três etapas, as amostras de fezes foram colhidas por enema nos dias D0 e D+14 para o cálculo da eficácia com base na redução de ovos por grama de fezes por meio do método de Gordon e Whitlock. Os compostos A e B apresentaram eficácia de 89,35% e 90,27% na primeira etapa, respectivamente. Na segunda etapa, os compostos A e B apresentaram eficácia de 100% e 99,16%, respectivamente. Na terceira etapa, o composto C apresentou eficácia de 98,87%. Assim, concluiu-se que os compostos avaliados têm eficácia adequada para o uso pretendido, quando administrados por três dias consecutivos, atendendo às normativas vigentes para medicamentos de uso animal.
Parasitic infections are responsible for some of the most important diseases, especially in regions with a low human development index. Despite advances in treatment, they continue to pose a risk to dogs and, consequently, to their guardians due to the zoonotic potential of some parasites. The present work aimed to test the efficacy of three anthelmintic compounds in a palatable formulation, at different dosages, in dogs naturally infected by helminths. The study was divided into three stages, with only dogs with egg counts above 200 opg being included in the experiments, with no apparent comorbidities. As exclusion criteria, the onset of clinical disease unrelated to parasitosis and treatment failure due to regurgitation or vomiting were considered. In the first stage (G1), 56 animals were randomly divided into two homogeneous groups to evaluate the efficacy of compounds A and B (compound A: Fenbendazol + Praziquantel; Compound B: Febantel + Pyrantel Pamoate + Praziquantel), administered in a single dose in the D0, in dosages of 1 tablet every 5kg and 1 tablet every 10kg. In the second stage (G2), 40 animals were randomly divided into two new groups to evaluate the same compounds A and B, at the same dosages, but with treatment on days D0, D+1 and D+2. In the third stage (G3), in turn, the efficacy of compound C (Ivermectin) was evaluated, in two doses, D0 and D+7, at a dose of 0.2mg/kg in a group of 31 animals. In the three stages, stool samples were collected by enema on days D0 and D+14 to calculate the effectiveness based on the reduction of eggs per gram of stool using the Gordon and Whitlock test. Compounds A and B showed efficacy of 89.35% and 90.27% in the first step, respectively. In the second stage, compounds A and B showed 100% and 99.16% efficacy, respectively. In the third stage, compound C showed 98.87% efficacy. Thus, it was concluded that the evaluated compounds have adequate efficacy for the intended use, in compliance with current regulations for medicines for animal use. Keywords: parasitic infections, zoonotic character, parasites
Parasitic infections are responsible for some of the most important diseases, especially in regions with a low human development index. Despite advances in treatment, they continue to pose a risk to dogs and, consequently, to their guardians due to the zoonotic potential of some parasites. The present work aimed to test the efficacy of three anthelmintic compounds in a palatable formulation, at different dosages, in dogs naturally infected by helminths. The study was divided into three stages, with only dogs with egg counts above 200 opg being included in the experiments, with no apparent comorbidities. As exclusion criteria, the onset of clinical disease unrelated to parasitosis and treatment failure due to regurgitation or vomiting were considered. In the first stage (G1), 56 animals were randomly divided into two homogeneous groups to evaluate the efficacy of compounds A and B (compound A: Fenbendazol + Praziquantel; Compound B: Febantel + Pyrantel Pamoate + Praziquantel), administered in a single dose in the D0, in dosages of 1 tablet every 5kg and 1 tablet every 10kg. In the second stage (G2), 40 animals were randomly divided into two new groups to evaluate the same compounds A and B, at the same dosages, but with treatment on days D0, D+1 and D+2. In the third stage (G3), in turn, the efficacy of compound C (Ivermectin) was evaluated, in two doses, D0 and D+7, at a dose of 0.2mg/kg in a group of 31 animals. In the three stages, stool samples were collected by enema on days D0 and D+14 to calculate the effectiveness based on the reduction of eggs per gram of stool using the Gordon and Whitlock test. Compounds A and B showed efficacy of 89.35% and 90.27% in the first step, respectively. In the second stage, compounds A and B showed 100% and 99.16% efficacy, respectively. In the third stage, compound C showed 98.87% efficacy. Thus, it was concluded that the evaluated compounds have adequate efficacy for the intended use, in compliance with current regulations for medicines for animal use. Keywords: parasitic infections, zoonotic character, parasites
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Palavras-chave
Parasitas, Infecções, Medicina preventiva, Parasitoses