Utilização de extrato de cogumelo como antioxidante natural em óleo vegetal
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Data
2009-08-01
Autores
Silva, Ana Carolina da [UNESP]
Oliveira, Marcel de Campos [UNESP]
Del Ré, Patrícia Vieira [UNESP]
Jorge, Neuza [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Editora da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA)
Resumo
Conduziu-se este trabalho, com o objetivo de avaliar a atividade antioxidante de diferentes extratos de cogumelo Agaricus blazei, bem como a estabilidade oxidativa do óleo de soja adicionado de extrato de cogumelo. O cogumelo seco em estufa a 55ºC e triturado (10 g) fui submetido à extração, à temperatura ambiente, com 100 mL de metanol e metanol:água (1:1) com duração de 6 e 12 horas para ambas as extrações. O extrato de maior atividade antioxidante, conforme o método DPPH, foi aplicado em óleo de soja na concentração de 0,1% de compostos fenólicos totais e, então, submetido ao método do Rancimat e ao teste acelerado em estufa a 60ºC por um período de 16 dias. Amostras de óleo foram retiradas da estufa cada 4 dias e analisadas quanto ao índice de peróxidos e dienos conjugados. Como parâmetros de comparação, foram utilizados os antioxidantes sintéticos BHT (100 mg/kg), TBHQ (50 mg/kg) e o óleo de soja isento de antioxidantes (controle). Os resultados demonstraram que o extrato metanólico:aquoso, com 6 horas de extração, apresentou maior atividade antioxidante. A aplicação desse extrato em óleo de soja proporcionou a seguinte ordem em relação à estabilidade oxidativa: TBHQ > extrato de cogumelo > BHT = óleo de soja (controle). O extrato de cogumelo também foi eficiente em relação à formação de peróxidos e dienos conjugados que, apesar de aumentarem ao longo do tempo, foi menor que o BHT, porém maior que o TBHQ. O extrato de cogumelo apresentou-se efetivo na proteção do óleo, podendo ser considerado um potencial antioxidante natural.
The present paper had the objectives of measuring the antioxidant activity of different extracts of the mushroom Agaricus blazei and evaluating the oxidative stability of soybean oil added with the mushroom extract. The mushroom dried in stove at 55ºC and ground (10g) was submit to extraction with 100 mL methanol and methanol:water (1:1) for six and 12 hours, respectively, at room temperature. The extract with the highest antioxidant activity, according to the DPPH method, was added to the soybean oil at the concentration of 0.1% total phenolic compounds and then submitted to the Rancimat method and to the accelerated test in stove at 60ºC for 16 days. Samples of oil were withdrawn every four days and the rate of peroxides and conjugated dienes were analyzed. The synthetic antioxidants BHT (100 mg/kg), TBHQ (50 mg/kg), and antioxidant-free soybean oil (control) were used as comparison parameters. The results showed that the methanol:water extract resulting from six hours of extraction presented the highest antioxidant activity. The oxidative stability of the mushroom extract, the synthetic antioxidants, and the control followed the sequence: TBHQ > mushroom extract > BHT = soybean oil (control). The mushroom extract was also efficient regarding the formation of peroxides and conjugated dienes. Despite the increase of these compounds over the time, the extract was less efficient than BHT and more efficient than TBHQ. The mushroom extract has shown effective in the protection of the oil, bearing the potential of a natural antioxidant.
The present paper had the objectives of measuring the antioxidant activity of different extracts of the mushroom Agaricus blazei and evaluating the oxidative stability of soybean oil added with the mushroom extract. The mushroom dried in stove at 55ºC and ground (10g) was submit to extraction with 100 mL methanol and methanol:water (1:1) for six and 12 hours, respectively, at room temperature. The extract with the highest antioxidant activity, according to the DPPH method, was added to the soybean oil at the concentration of 0.1% total phenolic compounds and then submitted to the Rancimat method and to the accelerated test in stove at 60ºC for 16 days. Samples of oil were withdrawn every four days and the rate of peroxides and conjugated dienes were analyzed. The synthetic antioxidants BHT (100 mg/kg), TBHQ (50 mg/kg), and antioxidant-free soybean oil (control) were used as comparison parameters. The results showed that the methanol:water extract resulting from six hours of extraction presented the highest antioxidant activity. The oxidative stability of the mushroom extract, the synthetic antioxidants, and the control followed the sequence: TBHQ > mushroom extract > BHT = soybean oil (control). The mushroom extract was also efficient regarding the formation of peroxides and conjugated dienes. Despite the increase of these compounds over the time, the extract was less efficient than BHT and more efficient than TBHQ. The mushroom extract has shown effective in the protection of the oil, bearing the potential of a natural antioxidant.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Antioxidantes, cogumelo, estabilidade oxidativa, óleo de soja, Antioxidants, Mushroom, Oxidative stability, Soybean oil
Como citar
Ciência e Agrotecnologia. Editora da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), v. 33, n. 4, p. 1103-1108, 2009.