Influência de vegetação vizinha na distribuição de ácaros em seringal (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg., Euphorbiaceae) em São José do Rio Preto, SP
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Data
2005-10-01
Autores
Demite, Peterson R. [UNESP]
Feres, Reinaldo J.F. [UNESP]
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ISSN da Revista
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Editor
Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil
Resumo
Existem poucos estudos sobre a influência de vegetação vizinha na ocorrência e distribuição de ácaros em monoculturas. No presente estudo foi analizada a influência de duas áreas diferentes (fragmento de mata e pastagem) sobre a acarofauna de um cultivo de seringueira. Três linhas foram estabelecidas, uma na borda com o fragmento de mata, uma no interior do seringal e uma na borda com a área de pastagem. Cinco plantas foram selecionadas em cada linha e 10 folhas de cada planta foram analisadas. No total foram registrados 159.011 ácaros de 19 espécies, pertencentes a 12 famílias. Todos, com exceção dos exemplares de Calacarus heveae Feres, contados diretamente nos folíolos, foram montados em lâminas de microscopia com o meio de Hoyer. C. heveae foi a espécie mais abundante e freqüente (99,1%), sendo que sua maior distribuição ocorreu na linha central e a menor na linha próxima ao fragmento de mata. Devido à dominância dessa espécie, a diversidade e a uniformidade foram baixas. As espécies predadoras apresentaram maior abundância na linha mais próxima ao fragmento de mata, sugerindo um possível deslocamento dessas espécies entre a mata e o cultivo. Esses dados indicam que a vegetação nativa influenciou a acarofauna no monocultivo e que sua presença deveria ser considerada nos programas de manejo de pragas.
There are few studies about the neighboring vegetation influence on the mites occurrence and distribution in monocultures. In the present study we analyzed the influence of two different areas (forest fragment and pasture) about mite fauna of a rubber tree culture. Three lines were established, one in the edge with the forest fragment, one in the interior of the rubber tree culture and one at the edge with the pasture area. In each line, five plants were selected and 10 leaves for each plant were analyzed. The total number of mites sampled was 159,011 of 19 species belonging to 12 families. All the mites, except Calacarus heveae Feres, which were direct counted on the leaflets, were mounted in microscopy slides using Hoyer medium. C. heveae was the most abundant and frequent species (99.1%), having its greatest abundance in the central line and its smallest in the line closest to the native forest fragment. Due to dominance of this species, the diversity and uniformity of the mite fauna were low. The predatory species presented higher abundance in the line close to the forest fragment, suggesting a possible dispersion from this vegetation to the culture. These data indicated that native neighboring vegetation have influenced the mite fauna of the monoculture and that its presence should be considered in pest management programs.
There are few studies about the neighboring vegetation influence on the mites occurrence and distribution in monocultures. In the present study we analyzed the influence of two different areas (forest fragment and pasture) about mite fauna of a rubber tree culture. Three lines were established, one in the edge with the forest fragment, one in the interior of the rubber tree culture and one at the edge with the pasture area. In each line, five plants were selected and 10 leaves for each plant were analyzed. The total number of mites sampled was 159,011 of 19 species belonging to 12 families. All the mites, except Calacarus heveae Feres, which were direct counted on the leaflets, were mounted in microscopy slides using Hoyer medium. C. heveae was the most abundant and frequent species (99.1%), having its greatest abundance in the central line and its smallest in the line closest to the native forest fragment. Due to dominance of this species, the diversity and uniformity of the mite fauna were low. The predatory species presented higher abundance in the line close to the forest fragment, suggesting a possible dispersion from this vegetation to the culture. These data indicated that native neighboring vegetation have influenced the mite fauna of the monoculture and that its presence should be considered in pest management programs.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Acari, Biodiversity, edge effect, Pest management, Biological control, Semi-deciduous forest, Acari, Biodiversidade, Efeito de borda, manejo ecológico de pragas, Controle biológico, mata estacional semidecídua
Como citar
Neotropical Entomology. Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil, v. 34, n. 5, p. 829-836, 2005.