Distribuição de Carabidae e Staphylinidae em agroecossistemas
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Data
2008-02-01
Autores
Cividanes, Francisco Jorge [UNESP]
Santos-Cividanes, Terezinha Monteiro dos
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Editor
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a distribuição da riqueza de espécies e a preferência pelo habitat de Carabidae e Staphylinidae (Coleoptera), em áreas com rotação de soja e milho, em plantio direto e convencional, e em áreas adjacentes a estas com fragmento florestal e povoamento de pínus, respectivamente. Os besouros foram amostrados por meio de armadilhas de solo distribuídas em dois transectos de 100 m de comprimento. A distribuição da riqueza de espécies nas culturas, no fragmento florestal e no pínus foi avaliada por meio de análise de regressão linear. A análise de agrupamento foi empregada para identificar as espécies quanto à preferência pelos habitats: fragmento florestal, pínus, cultura e interface. A distribuição da riqueza de espécies de Carabidae e Staphylinidae não variou em relação à posição no transecto, enquanto a riqueza de espécies observada nas interfaces foi elevada em comparação com a encontrada nos demais habitats. A ocorrência de espécies de Carabidae diferiu conforme o tipo de cobertura vegetal: Megacephala sp. e Scarites sp. preferiram áreas cultivadas em sistema de rotação soja-milho; Odontochila nodicornis (Dejean) preferiu o fragmento florestal e o povoamento de pínus. A espécie Abaris basistriatus Chaudoir caracterizou-se como generalista quanto à preferência pelo habitat.
The objective of this work was to determine the distribution of species richness and habitat preference of Carabidae and Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) in two areas cultivated with soybean/corn under no-tillage and conventional tillage systems and in adjacents areas with forest fragment and a Pinus stand, respectively. Beetles were sampled by pitfall traps which were distributed in two transects of 100 m. The distribution of species richness in the crops and forest fragment/Pinus was evaluated by regression analysis. Cluster analysis was used to identify species in relation to preference for the forest fragment, Pinus, crop and interface. The distribution of Carabidae and Staphylinidae species richness did not show variation in relation to the position in transect, while the species richness observed in the interfaces between forest fragment or Pinus stand and crops were higher compared with the ones found in other habitats. The occurrence of Carabidae species differed in relation to the vegetation type: Megacephala sp. and Scarites sp. preferred crop areas under soybean/corn rotation system. The same was observed with Odontochila nodicornis (Dejean) in the forest fragment and Pinus stand. The species Abaris basistriatus Chaudoir was characterized as a generalist species in relation to habitat preference.
The objective of this work was to determine the distribution of species richness and habitat preference of Carabidae and Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) in two areas cultivated with soybean/corn under no-tillage and conventional tillage systems and in adjacents areas with forest fragment and a Pinus stand, respectively. Beetles were sampled by pitfall traps which were distributed in two transects of 100 m. The distribution of species richness in the crops and forest fragment/Pinus was evaluated by regression analysis. Cluster analysis was used to identify species in relation to preference for the forest fragment, Pinus, crop and interface. The distribution of Carabidae and Staphylinidae species richness did not show variation in relation to the position in transect, while the species richness observed in the interfaces between forest fragment or Pinus stand and crops were higher compared with the ones found in other habitats. The occurrence of Carabidae species differed in relation to the vegetation type: Megacephala sp. and Scarites sp. preferred crop areas under soybean/corn rotation system. The same was observed with Odontochila nodicornis (Dejean) in the forest fragment and Pinus stand. The species Abaris basistriatus Chaudoir was characterized as a generalist species in relation to habitat preference.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Glycine max, Pinus, Zea mays, Biological control, diversity, No-tillage, Glycine max, Pinus, Zea mays, Controle biológico, diversidade, Plantio direto
Como citar
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Informação TecnológicaPesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v. 43, n. 2, p. 157-162, 2008.