A possibilidade da autonomia moral: uma análise das concepções de Piaget e Jung
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Data
2022-03-29
Autores
Chiari, Carla
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O desenvolvimento humano é um objeto de estudo complexo que envolve diferentes aspectos, distintos, mas não separados. Temos como centro de nosso interesse o estudo da moralidade, e para isso, elegemos dois autores que discutem esse tema de modo tangencial em suas obras, pois privilegiam por um lado, a inteligência e por outro a afetividade. Entendemos que essas duas dimensões são intimamente relacionadas e compõem de certa forma a dimensão da moral. Na presente dissertação, trataremos do desenvolvimento da moral segundo Jean Piaget, um dos teóricos mais utilizados na educação e que apresenta, em suas pesquisas, o aprofundamento teórico sobre a moralidade e a autonomia; e outro teórico, Carl Gustav Jung, psiquiatra, que, em suas obras, aprofundou-se nos conceitos de formação da personalidade e também correlacionou, em algumas obras, o conceito de moralidade e autonomia. Foi possível, a partir dessa dissertação, o encontro entre as duas obras, pois ambos são construtivistas e buscaram aprofundar suas pesquisas, utilizando métodos de pesquisa empíricos e criando suas teorias independentes. A construção da dissertação foi dividida em quatro partes. A primeira trata da epistemologia dos autores, enquanto a segunda disserta sobre a moral em Piaget, a terceira sobre a moral em Jung e, finalmente, a última parte conclui a correlação entre os dois autores. Na primeira parte, abordamos os aspectos epistemológicos dos autores, como correntes filosóficas e até embasamento de pesquisas. Já na segunda, utilizamos Piaget e os principais aspectos da moralidade em sua teoria, destacando o livro “O Juízo e a Moral na Criança”. Na terceira parte, destacamos as principais obras de Jung, contendo aspectos da moral e alguns de seus livros que abarcaram o tema. Por fim, sintetizamos a relação dos dois autores para a construção das possibilidades de autonomia moral nos indivíduos. Ambos os autores destacam: os aspectos do coletivo, a importância da socialização e do ambiente mais cooperativo e a busca do desenvolvimento dos indivíduos de maneira autônoma, ou seja, a apropriação de seus próprios destinos e a responsabilidades por suas histórias. Dessa forma, ressaltamos que esse assunto é de extrema importância para o processo educacional, visando ilustrar os educadores a respeito como ferramenta para o seu trabalho.
Human development is a complex object of study that involves different, but not separate, aspects. We have as the center of our interest the study of morality, and for that, we chose two authors who discuss this topic tangentially in their works, as they privilege, on the one hand, intelligence and, on the other hand, affectivity. We understand that these two dimensions are closely related and somehow make up the moral dimension. In the present dissertation, we will deal with the development of morality according to Jean Piaget, one of the most used theorists in education and who presents, in his research, the theoretical deepening of morality and autonomy; and another theorist, Carl Gustav Jung, a psychiatrist, who, in his works, delved into the concepts of personality formation and also correlated, in some works, the concept of morality and autonomy. It was possible, from this dissertation, the meeting between the two works, as both are constructivists and sought to deepen their research, using empirical research methods and creating their independent theories. The construction of the dissertation was divided into four parts. The first deals with the authors' epistemology, while the second discusses Piaget's morality, the third on Jung's morals and, finally, the last part concludes the correlation between the two authors. In the first part, we approach the epistemological aspects of the authors, such as philosophical currents and even research basis. In the second, we used Piaget and the main aspects of morality in his theory, highlighting the book “O Juízo e a Moral na Criança”. In the third part, we highlight Jung's main works, containing aspects of morality and some of his books that covered the theme. Finally, we summarize the relationship between the two authors for the construction of the possibilities of moral autonomy in individuals. Both authors emphasize: the aspects of the collective, the importance of socialization and a more cooperative environment and the search for the development of individuals in an autonomous way, that is, the appropriation of their own destinies and responsibilities for their stories. Therefore, this subject is extremely important for the educational process, aiming at knowledge for educators as a tool for their work.
Human development is a complex object of study that involves different, but not separate, aspects. We have as the center of our interest the study of morality, and for that, we chose two authors who discuss this topic tangentially in their works, as they privilege, on the one hand, intelligence and, on the other hand, affectivity. We understand that these two dimensions are closely related and somehow make up the moral dimension. In the present dissertation, we will deal with the development of morality according to Jean Piaget, one of the most used theorists in education and who presents, in his research, the theoretical deepening of morality and autonomy; and another theorist, Carl Gustav Jung, a psychiatrist, who, in his works, delved into the concepts of personality formation and also correlated, in some works, the concept of morality and autonomy. It was possible, from this dissertation, the meeting between the two works, as both are constructivists and sought to deepen their research, using empirical research methods and creating their independent theories. The construction of the dissertation was divided into four parts. The first deals with the authors' epistemology, while the second discusses Piaget's morality, the third on Jung's morals and, finally, the last part concludes the correlation between the two authors. In the first part, we approach the epistemological aspects of the authors, such as philosophical currents and even research basis. In the second, we used Piaget and the main aspects of morality in his theory, highlighting the book “O Juízo e a Moral na Criança”. In the third part, we highlight Jung's main works, containing aspects of morality and some of his books that covered the theme. Finally, we summarize the relationship between the two authors for the construction of the possibilities of moral autonomy in individuals. Both authors emphasize: the aspects of the collective, the importance of socialization and a more cooperative environment and the search for the development of individuals in an autonomous way, that is, the appropriation of their own destinies and responsibilities for their stories. Therefore, this subject is extremely important for the educational process, aiming at knowledge for educators as a tool for their work.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Moral, Autonomia, Construtivismo, Piaget, Jung, Autonomy, Constructivism
Como citar
CHIARI, Carla. A possibilidade da autonomia moral: uma análise das concepções de Piaget e Jung. Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2022.