Os Fundos Soberanos de Riqueza e suas estratégias geopolíticas: uma análise dos Emirados Árabes Unidos e de Singapura
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Data
2019-12-09
Autores
Sugahara, Maria Carolina Graciano
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os Fundos Soberanos de Riqueza (FSR), ativos financeiros controlados pelos Estados e responsáveis, sobretudo, por aplicações financeiras no exterior, adquiriram grande importância no debate internacional dos últimos anos. Por atenderem a diferentes propósitos de acordo com o interesse dos Estados nacionais, os FSR possuem também comportamentos estratégicos, podendo estar ligados a projeções de poder dos Estados e motivações geopolíticas – que não estariam ligadas somente a lógica liberal de livre funcionamento dos fluxos de capitais internacionais – o que vem gerando certas atitudes protecionistas por parte dos Estados receptores desses investimentos. Deste modo, os estudos dos fundos permitem o resgate da discussão acerca das diferentes formas de atuação dos Estados, em que o papel estatal exercido de provedor de infraestruturas e investimentos se dá paralelamente à garantia de um ambiente favorável aos movimentos neoliberais. A partir da análise dos FSR dos Emirados Árabes e de Singapura, este trabalho busca compreender suas estratégias de investimento, bem como verificar se existem condicionantes geopolíticos por parte dos Estados nacionais destes países.
The Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWF), state-controlled financial assets and mainly responsible for financial investments abroad, have acquired great importance in the international debates of recent years. Because they serve different purposes according to the interests of national states, the SWF also has strategic behaviors and may be linked to projections of state power and geopolitical motivations, which would not be linked only to the liberal logic of the free operation of international capital flows, which has generated certain protectionist attitudes on the part of the recipient states of these investments. Thus, the studies of the funds allow the discussion about the different forms of action of the states, in which the state role played by the provider of infrastructure and investments is paralleled by the guarantee of an environment favorable to neoliberal movements. From the analysis of the UAE and Singapore SWF, this paper seeks to understand their investment strategies, as well as to verify if there are geopolitical contraints by the national states of these countries.
The Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWF), state-controlled financial assets and mainly responsible for financial investments abroad, have acquired great importance in the international debates of recent years. Because they serve different purposes according to the interests of national states, the SWF also has strategic behaviors and may be linked to projections of state power and geopolitical motivations, which would not be linked only to the liberal logic of the free operation of international capital flows, which has generated certain protectionist attitudes on the part of the recipient states of these investments. Thus, the studies of the funds allow the discussion about the different forms of action of the states, in which the state role played by the provider of infrastructure and investments is paralleled by the guarantee of an environment favorable to neoliberal movements. From the analysis of the UAE and Singapore SWF, this paper seeks to understand their investment strategies, as well as to verify if there are geopolitical contraints by the national states of these countries.
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Palavras-chave
Geopolítica, Estado, Neoliberalismo, Economia política, Fundos, Fundos Soberanos de Riqueza, Emirados Árabes Unidos, Singapura, Sovereign Wealth Funds, United Arab Emirates, Singapore