O trabalho como categoria fundante do ser social: por uma abordagem ontológica da Geografia
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Data
2019-10-08
Autores
Moraes, Izabelle Monteiro de
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A categoria trabalho é considerada a fundadora do ser social, aquela que diferencia o homem dos demais seres existentes, e que através do trabalho é possível transformar a natureza em valores-de-uso, conforme as necessidades humanas. O processo de trabalho consiste em projetar de antemão na consciência aquilo que se deseja realizar na prática, ou seja, ter na mente o objeto que se deseja materializar. A partir disto, o homem cria objetos que foram construídos previamente em sua consciência, caracterizando um pôr teleológico exclusivo ao gênero humano, que é capaz de idealizar algo e objetivá-lo através do trabalho. A relação com o meio é de extrema importância nesta reflexão, pois sem a natureza não seria possível a existência do homem, e muito menos sua transformação em objetos. A partir disto busca-se fazer uma correlação do tema central proposto com a Geografia, mediante a abordagem da relação homem/natureza, a produção do espaço e o consequente desenvolvimento do modo de produção capitalista, ao qual estrutura a categoria trabalho de tal forma que em última estância nos encontramos diante de um trabalho alienado e sem significado para aquele que o realiza, visto que o objetivo é exclusivamente a obtenção de lucro. Tendo em vista toda a construção social motivada pelo trabalho, e a subordinação do mesmo ao capitalismo, esta pesquisa busca explanar algumas contribuições sobre este assunto realizadas por diversos autores por meio de uma análise descritiva que parte de um levantamento bibliográfico acerca desta categoria, adotando-se o método qualitativo de investigação.
The category work is considered the founder of social being, the one that differentiates man from other existing beings, and that through work it is possible to transform nature into use-values, according to human needs. The work process consists of projecting beforehand into consciousness what is intended to be done in practice, that is, to have in mind the object you want to materialize. From this, man creates objects that were previously constructed in his consciousness, featuring a teleological approach unique to the human race, which is able to idealize something and objectify it through work. The relationship with the environment is extremely important in this reflection, because without nature it would not be possible the existence of man, much less its transformation into objects. From this we seek to make a correlation of the proposed central theme with Geography, by approaching the relationship between man and nature, the production of space and the consequent development of the capitalist mode of production, which structures the work category in such a way that ultimately we find ourselves faced with a work alienated and meaningless to the one who performs it, since the goal is solely to make a profit. Given the whole social construction motivated by work, and its subordination to capitalism, this research seeks to explain some contributions on this subject made by several authors through a descriptive analysis that starts from a literature review about this category, adopting the qualitative method of investigation.
The category work is considered the founder of social being, the one that differentiates man from other existing beings, and that through work it is possible to transform nature into use-values, according to human needs. The work process consists of projecting beforehand into consciousness what is intended to be done in practice, that is, to have in mind the object you want to materialize. From this, man creates objects that were previously constructed in his consciousness, featuring a teleological approach unique to the human race, which is able to idealize something and objectify it through work. The relationship with the environment is extremely important in this reflection, because without nature it would not be possible the existence of man, much less its transformation into objects. From this we seek to make a correlation of the proposed central theme with Geography, by approaching the relationship between man and nature, the production of space and the consequent development of the capitalist mode of production, which structures the work category in such a way that ultimately we find ourselves faced with a work alienated and meaningless to the one who performs it, since the goal is solely to make a profit. Given the whole social construction motivated by work, and its subordination to capitalism, this research seeks to explain some contributions on this subject made by several authors through a descriptive analysis that starts from a literature review about this category, adopting the qualitative method of investigation.
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Palavras-chave
Categoria trabalho, Ser social, Geografia, Category work, Social being, Geography