Análise das características de ecossistemas circulares: um estudo de caso no setor de alimentos orgânicos
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Data
2022-05-27
Autores
Ferrari, Aline Gabriela
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Apesar de a economia circular estar sendo muito investigada nos últimos anos, não apenas no Brasil, mas no mundo, ainda são poucas as pesquisas que têm abordado o tema perante a abordagem dos ecossistemas circulares. Estudos recentes já têm sinalizado a importância em aprofundar as investigações de como a economia circular pode ser impulsionada pelos ecossistemas. Considerando os ecossistemas circulares, o setor de alimentos orgânicos possui relevância uma vez que, além de apresentar demanda crescente em todo o mundo, visa produzir alimentos de uma maneira ambientalmente amigável, preservando a saúde do solo, do meio ambiente e dos consumidores. Visando contribuir com este tema, este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar como os atores presentes em um ecossistema de alimentos orgânicos podem construir e orquestrar ecossistemas circulares. Para isso, foram identificados e analisados em um ecossistema de alimentos orgânicos: (i) os seus atores e o papel de cada um deles; (ii) as principais formas de colaboração; (iii) as formas de governança entre eles; e (iv) as principais barreiras enfrentadas nessas relações. Como método de pesquisa, adotou-se o procedimento qualitativo realizado por meio de um estudo de caso realizado com os seguintes atores que compõem o ecossistema de alimentos orgânicos concentrados, sobretudo, na região de Botucatu, SP: associação, agricultores, empresa produtora de orgânicos, instituto de fomento e clientes. Dentre os principais resultados, observou-se a importância do orquestrador de rede, responsável por difundir informações técnicas e de mercado, além de reunir e coordenar os atores do ecossistema investigado. Notou-se também a convergência de objetivos entre os atores do ecossistema em direção aos princípios da produção orgânica, os quais são alinhados com aqueles propostos pela economia circular. A relação de confiança entre os atores do ecossistema mostrou-se também como elemento facilitador para a colaboração e a troca de recursos tangíveis e intangíveis entre os membros do ecossistema.
Although the circular economy has been intensively studied in recent years, not only in Brazil, but in the world, few studies have addressed this topic in the face of circular ecosystems. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of further research into how the circular economy can be driven by ecosystems. Considering circular ecosystems, the organic food sector is relevant, since besides the growing demand for its products around the world, it aims to produce food in an environmentally friendly way. Preserving, therefore, the health of the soil, the environment, and the consumers. To contribute to the topic, this work aimed to investigate how actors present in an organic food ecosystem can build and orchestrate circular ecosystems. To this end, it was identified and analyzed in an organic food ecosystem: (i) its actors and the role of each them; (ii) the main forms of collaboration; (iii) the forms of governance between them; and finally (iv) the main barriers faced in these relationships. As a research method, it was adopted the qualitative procedure carried out through a case study with the following actors that compose the organic food ecosystem, concentrated mainly in the region of Botucatu, SP: association, producers, organic company, funding institute and customers. Among the main results, it was observed the importance of the orchestrator, which is responsible for disseminating technical and market information, in addition coordinate the actors of the investigated ecosystem. It was also noted the convergence of objectives among ecosystem actors towards the fundamentals of organic production, which are aligned with the principles proposed by the circular economy. The trust relationship between ecosystem actors also proved to be a facilitating element for collaboration and for the exchange of tangible and intangible resources among the ecosystem members.
Although the circular economy has been intensively studied in recent years, not only in Brazil, but in the world, few studies have addressed this topic in the face of circular ecosystems. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of further research into how the circular economy can be driven by ecosystems. Considering circular ecosystems, the organic food sector is relevant, since besides the growing demand for its products around the world, it aims to produce food in an environmentally friendly way. Preserving, therefore, the health of the soil, the environment, and the consumers. To contribute to the topic, this work aimed to investigate how actors present in an organic food ecosystem can build and orchestrate circular ecosystems. To this end, it was identified and analyzed in an organic food ecosystem: (i) its actors and the role of each them; (ii) the main forms of collaboration; (iii) the forms of governance between them; and finally (iv) the main barriers faced in these relationships. As a research method, it was adopted the qualitative procedure carried out through a case study with the following actors that compose the organic food ecosystem, concentrated mainly in the region of Botucatu, SP: association, producers, organic company, funding institute and customers. Among the main results, it was observed the importance of the orchestrator, which is responsible for disseminating technical and market information, in addition coordinate the actors of the investigated ecosystem. It was also noted the convergence of objectives among ecosystem actors towards the fundamentals of organic production, which are aligned with the principles proposed by the circular economy. The trust relationship between ecosystem actors also proved to be a facilitating element for collaboration and for the exchange of tangible and intangible resources among the ecosystem members.
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Ecossistema circular, Economia circular, Alimentos orgânicos, Estudo de caso, Ecossistemas, Circular ecosystem, Circular ecosystem practices, Organic food, Literature review, Case study