Proposta de fortalecimento com ferramenta de mindfulness para equipe de saúde da unidade de pronto atendimento no enfrentamento da COVID-19
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Data
2022-05-04
Autores
Santos, Fabiana Cristina Martim dos
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa, com abordagem metodológica da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados à luz do referencial teórico: Interacionismo Simbólico. O objetivo foi compreender a experiência interacional dos profissionais de saúde na Unidade de Pronto Atendimento frente à pandemia de COVID-19; e elaborar modelo teórico representativo dessas experiências. Participaram do estudo 29 profissionais, sendo sete enfermeiros, catorze técnicos de enfermagem e oito médicos, que trabalham na Unidade de Pronto Atendimento e em rede de Urgência e Emergência há quatro ou mais anos. Eles responderam à pergunta norteadora: “Como tem sido sua experiência frente à pandemia de COVID-19?” As entrevistas individuais foram audiogravadas e transcritas na íntegra, analisadas a partir do modelo metodológico proposto. A análise dos dados revelou quatro subprocessos significativos, conforme segue: A) Escassez de evidência científica, gerando medo e ansiedade, pela falta de conhecimento sobre a doença; B) Despreparo institucional para proteção do profissional de saúde; C) A pandemia no contexto das relações familiares e sociais; D) A construção do conhecimento, como fator de proteção e encorajamento para lidar com a pandemia. A partir dos resultados, e como contribuição acerca disso, foi essencial planejar e construir um suporte emocional a esse profissional de Pronto Atendimento. Isso foi realizado por meio do desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta de comunicação com práticas meditativas de atenção plena, amplamente conhecida como mindfulness, na versão de um podcast. A proposta de intervenção não se finda com a pandemia, e pode amenizar os efeitos do estresse no trabalho, principalmente para os que laboram nos serviços de emergência, melhorando a percepção do momento presente. A experiência dos profissionais dos serviços de urgência com a instalação da pandemia de COVID-19 se mostrou extremamente difícil, desgastante, e só foi amenizada com o passar do tempo. Houve um movimento em busca do conhecimento científico como forma de fortalecer a mente. Além disso, os avanços científicos e o desenvolvimento da vacina contra a COVID-19 se mostraram muito encorajadores. A promoção do bem-estar mental pode ser alcançada com o planejamento de estratégias de prevenção, e propondo intervenções para buscar ferramentas com o propósito de combater a ansiedade, o sofrimento emocional e reduzir seus efeitos no processo de trabalho dos profissionais de saúde dos serviços de emergência. Nesse sentido, a experiência trazida por esses profissionais pode ajudar nas condições de saúde metal de outros em situação semelhante, e auxiliá-los no enfrentamento a novas pandemias, no futuro.
A qualitative research paper was carried out, with a methodological approach of Grounded Theory according to the social theoretical framework of Symbolic Interactionism. The aim was to understand the interactional experience of health professionals in the urgent care unit in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic and to develop a theoretical model representative of these experiences. Twenty-nine health professionals participated in the study, including seven nurses, fourteen nursing technicians and eight doctors, who work in the urgent care unit and have been in the urgent care and emergency services area for four or more years. They answered the question: “How has your experience been in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic?” The individual interviews were audio-recorded, fully transcribed, and analyzed using the aforementioned methodological model. Analysis of the data has revealed four significant sub-processes as follows: A) Lack of scientific evidence generating fear and anxiety due to lack of knowledge about the disease; B) Institutional unpreparedness to provide proper protection for health professionals; C) The pandemic in the context of family and social relationships; D) The construction of knowledge as a factor of protection and encouragement to deal with the pandemic. Based on the results and as a contribution following them, planning and building an emotional support system for the urgent care professionals was essential. This was done through the development of a communication tool with mindful meditation practices in the form of a podcast. The proposed intervention does not limit itself to the pandemic, and can alleviate the effects of stress at work in general, especially in those who work in emergency services, through improving the perception of the present moment. The experience of emergency care professionals in light of the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic proved to be extremely difficult, exhausting, and has only improved thanks to the passage of time. There was a movement in search of scientific knowledge as a way to strengthen the mind. Scientific advances and the development of the COVID-19 vaccine proved to be greatly encouraging. Benefits to mental health can be brought about through planning of prevention strategies and proposing the use of tools that help to combat anxiety, emotional distress, and the effects of these on the work of health professionals in emergency care. In this sense, the experience of these professionals can help the mental health condition of others in a similar position and help them to better cope with new pandemics that may occur.
A qualitative research paper was carried out, with a methodological approach of Grounded Theory according to the social theoretical framework of Symbolic Interactionism. The aim was to understand the interactional experience of health professionals in the urgent care unit in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic and to develop a theoretical model representative of these experiences. Twenty-nine health professionals participated in the study, including seven nurses, fourteen nursing technicians and eight doctors, who work in the urgent care unit and have been in the urgent care and emergency services area for four or more years. They answered the question: “How has your experience been in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic?” The individual interviews were audio-recorded, fully transcribed, and analyzed using the aforementioned methodological model. Analysis of the data has revealed four significant sub-processes as follows: A) Lack of scientific evidence generating fear and anxiety due to lack of knowledge about the disease; B) Institutional unpreparedness to provide proper protection for health professionals; C) The pandemic in the context of family and social relationships; D) The construction of knowledge as a factor of protection and encouragement to deal with the pandemic. Based on the results and as a contribution following them, planning and building an emotional support system for the urgent care professionals was essential. This was done through the development of a communication tool with mindful meditation practices in the form of a podcast. The proposed intervention does not limit itself to the pandemic, and can alleviate the effects of stress at work in general, especially in those who work in emergency services, through improving the perception of the present moment. The experience of emergency care professionals in light of the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic proved to be extremely difficult, exhausting, and has only improved thanks to the passage of time. There was a movement in search of scientific knowledge as a way to strengthen the mind. Scientific advances and the development of the COVID-19 vaccine proved to be greatly encouraging. Benefits to mental health can be brought about through planning of prevention strategies and proposing the use of tools that help to combat anxiety, emotional distress, and the effects of these on the work of health professionals in emergency care. In this sense, the experience of these professionals can help the mental health condition of others in a similar position and help them to better cope with new pandemics that may occur.
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Palavras-chave
Equipes de saúde, Infecções por coronavírus, Mindfulness, Pesquisa qualitativa, Serviço de emergência, Equipe de enfermagem, Atenção plena, Hospitais