Avaliação do ácido hialurônico administrado por via enteral e parenteral em retalhos cutâneos isquêmicos induzidos em ratos
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Data
2022-05-13
Autores
Gallina, Marina Frazatti
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O ácido hialurônico (AH) é um polímero natural com propriedades imunomoduladora, antioxidante e anti-inflamatória, e usado no tratamento de feridas. Visto que para que ocorra a viabilidade do retalho cutâneo deve existir a estimulação da neovasculogênese e inibição da inflamação exacerbada, o presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o AH exógeno por via enteral e parenteral em retalhos cutâneos isquêmicos induzidos em ratos, por meio de exames clínicos, histológicos e avaliação dos biomarcadores pró e anti-inflamatórios teciduais. Sessenta e quatro ratos com retalhos cutâneos isquêmicos no dorso foram divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos de 16 animais, de acordo com o tratamento: solução salina (0,9%) por via subcutânea (SC); água destilada por via oral (VO); AH (0,3%) (SC); AH (1%) (VO). As variáveis avaliadas incluíram a avaliação clínica e macroscópica, exame histológico e a avaliação das interleucinas pró e anti-inflamatórias. Para tal, oito rato de cada grupo foram eutanasiados no terceiro e sétimo dia após a confecção dos retalhos. Foi identificado menor porcentual de necrose nos ratos tratados com o AH parenteral. Observou-se variações significativas com relação as interleucinas pró e anti-inflamatórias, espessura da epiderme, quantidade total vasos sanguíneos e células inflamatórias intragrupos e intergrupos. O AH em forma de hialuronato de sódio de alto peso molecular (1400 ~ 2000 kDa) demonstrou efeitos benéficos quando usado por via enteral e parenteral em retalhos cutâneos isquêmicos de ratos. O AH (0,3%) administrado por via parenteral no local do retalho logo após seu fechamento evidenciou melhores resultados no porcentual de necrose e no processo de epitelização.
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural polymer with immunomodulatory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and used in the treatment of wounds. Since, for the viability of the skin flap, there must be stimulation of neovasculogenesis and inhibition of exacerbated inflammation, the present study aimed to evaluate exogenous HA enteral and parenterally in ischemic skin flaps induced in rats, through clinical examinations, histological and evaluation of pro and anti-inflammatory biomarkers tissue. Sixty-four rats with ischemic skin flaps on the back were randomly divided into four groups of 16 animals, according to treatment: saline solution (0.9%) subcutaneously (SC); orally distilled water (PO); AH (0.3%) (SC); AH (1%) (VO). The variables evaluated included clinical and macroscopic evaluation, histological examination and the evaluation of pro- and anti-inflammatory interleukins. Eight rats from each group were euthanized on the third and seventh day after making the flaps. A lower percentage of necrosis was identified in rats treated with parenteral HA. Significant variations were observed in relation to pro and anti-inflammatory interleukins, epidermis thickness, total amount of blood vessels and intragroup and intergroup inflammatory cells. HA in the form of high molecular weight sodium hyaluronate (1400 ~ 2000 kDa) has demonstrated beneficial effects when used enterally and parenterally in ischemic skin flaps in rats. HA (0.3%) administered parenterally at the flap site after its closure showed better results of the percentage of necrosis and epithelialization.
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural polymer with immunomodulatory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and used in the treatment of wounds. Since, for the viability of the skin flap, there must be stimulation of neovasculogenesis and inhibition of exacerbated inflammation, the present study aimed to evaluate exogenous HA enteral and parenterally in ischemic skin flaps induced in rats, through clinical examinations, histological and evaluation of pro and anti-inflammatory biomarkers tissue. Sixty-four rats with ischemic skin flaps on the back were randomly divided into four groups of 16 animals, according to treatment: saline solution (0.9%) subcutaneously (SC); orally distilled water (PO); AH (0.3%) (SC); AH (1%) (VO). The variables evaluated included clinical and macroscopic evaluation, histological examination and the evaluation of pro- and anti-inflammatory interleukins. Eight rats from each group were euthanized on the third and seventh day after making the flaps. A lower percentage of necrosis was identified in rats treated with parenteral HA. Significant variations were observed in relation to pro and anti-inflammatory interleukins, epidermis thickness, total amount of blood vessels and intragroup and intergroup inflammatory cells. HA in the form of high molecular weight sodium hyaluronate (1400 ~ 2000 kDa) has demonstrated beneficial effects when used enterally and parenterally in ischemic skin flaps in rats. HA (0.3%) administered parenterally at the flap site after its closure showed better results of the percentage of necrosis and epithelialization.
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Palavras-chave
Cicatrização, Ácido hialurônico, Interleucinas, Procedimentos cirúrgicos reconstrutivos, Hyaluronic acid, Skin surgery