Análise comportamental e distribuição espacial do sagui-de-tufo-preto (Callithrix penicillata) em um parque insular da Mata Atlântica
Carregando...
Data
2022-07-14
Autores
Bassalobre, Andressa Zapaterra
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O sagui de tufos pretos (Callithrix penicillata) é uma espécie invasora na Mata Atlântica e considerada uma ameaça a outras espécies de primatas nativos, assim como a comunidades de aves. No Parque Estadual Ilha Anchieta, um parque insular da Mata Atlântica, a espécie foi introduzida em 1983, junto com outras espécies exóticas, e sua população foi crescendo ao longo dos anos. Sendo um parque com registros relativamente altos de visitação, interações entre turistas e indivíduos de C. penicillata são frequentes, incluindo eventos de alimentação. Este contexto pode afetar a distribuição espacial dos indivíduos, seus comportamentos e eventualmente contribuir para o crescimento populacional descontrolado, causando dificuldades para o objetivo de conservação das espécies nativas. Neste estudo, determinamos a distribuição espacial de C. penicillata na ilha e seus comportamentos na presença e ausência de turistas. Utilizamos o método de playback para localizar e quantificar grupos de C. penicillata nas diferentes zonas de proteção da ilha e observamos um grupo de saguis para verificar o impacto do turismo nos comportamentos da espécie. Nossos resultados sugerem que os saguis estão distribuidos com maior densidade em trilhas de uso turistico médio e com caracteristicas de vegetação florestal heterogênea, incluindo áreas antropizadas. Na presença de turistas, os saguis forragearam menos e usaram menos os estratos arbóreos médios e altos. A presença do turismo parece afetar, pelo menos em parte, a distribuição espacial e comportamentos naturais da espécie, portanto projetos de educação ambiental voltados à fauna exótica são importantes, assim como o futuro manejo da espécie na ilha. Pela falta de predadores naturais e pelo fato de existir um suporte alimentar antrópico, a população da espécie pode continuar crescendo e interferindo no objetivo de conservação do parque.
The black tufted marmoset (Callithrix penicillata) is an invasive species in the Atlantic Forest and considered a threat to other native primate species, as well as to bird communities. In Ilha Anchieta State Park, an insular park in the Atlantic Forest, the species was introduced in 1983, along with other exotic species, and its population has grown over the years. As the park has relatively high visitation records, interactions between tourists and individuals of C. penicillata are frequent, including feeding events. This context can affect the spatial distribution of individuals, their behavior and eventually contribute to uncontrolled population growth, making the conservation of native species difficult. In this study, we determined the spatial distribution of C. penicillata on the island and its behavior in the presence and absence of tourists. We used the playback method to locate and quantify groups of C. penicillata in the different protection zones of the island and we observed a group of marmosets to verify the impact of tourism on the species behavior. Our results suggest that marmosets are present in higher density in trails of medium tourist use and with heterogeneous forest vegetation, including anthropized areas. In the presence of visitors, marmosets forage less and use the medium and upper tree strata less. The presence of tourism seems to affect, at least in part, the spatial distribution and natural behaviors of the species, so environmental education projects about the exotic fauna are important, as is the future management of the species on the island. Due to the lack of natural predators and the fact that there is an anthropic food support, the species can continue to grow and interfere with the conservation objective of the park.
The black tufted marmoset (Callithrix penicillata) is an invasive species in the Atlantic Forest and considered a threat to other native primate species, as well as to bird communities. In Ilha Anchieta State Park, an insular park in the Atlantic Forest, the species was introduced in 1983, along with other exotic species, and its population has grown over the years. As the park has relatively high visitation records, interactions between tourists and individuals of C. penicillata are frequent, including feeding events. This context can affect the spatial distribution of individuals, their behavior and eventually contribute to uncontrolled population growth, making the conservation of native species difficult. In this study, we determined the spatial distribution of C. penicillata on the island and its behavior in the presence and absence of tourists. We used the playback method to locate and quantify groups of C. penicillata in the different protection zones of the island and we observed a group of marmosets to verify the impact of tourism on the species behavior. Our results suggest that marmosets are present in higher density in trails of medium tourist use and with heterogeneous forest vegetation, including anthropized areas. In the presence of visitors, marmosets forage less and use the medium and upper tree strata less. The presence of tourism seems to affect, at least in part, the spatial distribution and natural behaviors of the species, so environmental education projects about the exotic fauna are important, as is the future management of the species on the island. Due to the lack of natural predators and the fact that there is an anthropic food support, the species can continue to grow and interfere with the conservation objective of the park.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Callithrix penicillata, Playback, Comportamento, Distribuição espacial, Ecologia, Mata Atlântica, Sagui, Behavior, Spatial distribution, Ecology